Democratic Forest Trusts (PDF)in Watson, Alan; Dean, Liese; Sproull, Janet, comps. 2006. Science and stewardship to protect and sustain wilderness values: Eighth World Wilderness Congress Symposium; 2005 September 30-October 6; Anchorage, AK.Democratic trusts with leadership elected by citizen-members promise to solve many of the problems afflicting both traditional government and corporate ownership of forestlands. This article explores these issues in some depth.Complexity and the Dream of Human Control of Eco-Systems (PDF)in Watson, Alan; Dean, Liese; Sproull, Janet, comps. 2006. Science and stewardship to protect and sustain wilderness values: Eighth World Wilderness Congress Symposium; 2005 September 30-October 6; Anchorage, AK.The title captures it. I then explore the kinds of institutions compatible with both nature and the modern world that are implied from this analysis.Rethinking the Obvious: Modernity and Living Respectfully With Nature (PDF)The Trumpeter: Journal of Ecosophy, Winter, 1997.Modernity is usually considered a wrong turn in terms of respect for and sustaining the environment. I argue the reality is more complex, for modernity has freed us from personal dependence on agriculture, ended the economic value of children, radically reduced the likelihood of large scale wat, and shifted much production to intellectual rather than material capital. This partially decouples society from nature, which gives us important opportunities as well as problems.Towards an Ecocentric Political Economy (PDF)The Trumpeter, Fall, 1996.This paper begins my effort at showing how liberal modernity can be harmonized with an ecocentric perspective on our relationship with the natural world. It is a corrective to much “free market environmental” literature that sacrifices Nature to money as well as to anti-liberal attacks by well-meaning but economically naïve environmentalists.Unexpected Harmonies: Self-Organization in Liberal Modernity and Ecology (PDF)The Trumpeter, Journal of Ecosophy, 10:1, Winter 1993This is my initial paper exploring how what I term ‘evolutionary liberal’ thought can be an important means by which society and nature can be brought into greater harmony. The other Trumpeter papers build on it.Deep Ecology and Liberalism: The Greener Implications of Evolutionary Liberalism (PDF)Review of Politics, Fall, 1996.Liberal thought and deep ecology are usually regarded as mutually exclusive. But the “evolutionary” tradition offers a way to integrate the two through commonalties in the work of David Hume, Michael Polanyi, Arne Naess, and Aldo Leopold, providing a stronger foundation for liberalism while strengthening the case for an ecocentric ethic.(Related subjects: Ecology)Saving Western Towns: A Jeffersonian Green Proposal (PDF)in Writers on the Range, Karl Hess and John Baden, eds., University Press of Colorado, 1998.Developmental pressures in the rural and small town West involve three groups: long term residents, new arrivals, and environmentalists. Today their interests often conflict. This conflict is in part the outcome of institutions which prevent harmonizing competing interests. The concept of developmental trusts, both for rural regions and for small communities offers a means whereby these interests can be harmonized for the benefit of all concerned.(Related subjects: Politics)Social Ecology, Deep Ecology, and Liberalism (PDF)Critical Review, 6: 2-3, 1992.Murray Bookchin is considered a leading radical environmental theorist. However, his analysis is incapable of leading humankind towards a more respectful and sustainable relationship with the natural world. Criticisms of Bookchin from both the deep ecology and evolutionary liberal perspective complement one another, pointing the way towards a better understanding of how modernity relates to the environment.The paper as a whole offers an early discussion of issues that are more clearly addressed in later papers, particularly Deep Ecology and Liberalism (1996) and the three Trumpeter articles in 1997, 1996, and 1993. However, there are other ideas in the article which have not been developed more thoroughly elsewhere.
It’s no secret that I think Barack Obama is immensely better than any Republican office holder as President of the United States. Any Republican.
It is also no secret that I have been pretty critical of some awful things he has done. But at the same time I’ve wondered whether or not I’ve been too hasty. He seems a decent guy, and has been in office only a short time, hounded by sociopaths to his right and an incompetent corporate press unconcerned with doing actual journalism that repeats stupid right wing charges while ignoring more substantive issues.
I have just come across the best discussion of this dilemma that now faces all good Americans. It is The Case for Distrust, by Chris Bowers.
It’s really good.



posted April 9, 2009 at 8:39 pm
“It is simply a matter of trust in the people executing the plan.”
Need I really point out what Hayek says about the ability for planning to work? We can trust these people all we want, and they cannot have the knowledge necessary to make the plan work. We know these various forms of nationalization, pseudonationalization, control, “encouragements,” etc. don’t work. Bush started it, true, but Obama is putting it on fast-forward. Obama is simply playing follow the leader to Bush-Paulson on the economy. So far his policies seem to be to do all the things that caused the economic collapse in the first place. This housing bubble was caused by Greenspan’s manipulation of interest rates, sending out false signals about the nature of risk in the economy at large, and in the housing sector in particular. We all trusted Greenspan with his manipulation of interest rates below what they would have been in the free market, and we see where that got us. Central planning failed again. So what’s the answer? Bernanke has lowered interest rates further, and Obama is pushing to get the housing bubble to inflate again.
posted April 9, 2009 at 10:55 pm
F. A. Hayek used planning in a completely different sense of the term, Troy.
posted April 9, 2009 at 11:34 pm
I distrust Barack Hussein because I distrust his motives. He isn’t just a bumbler and babe in the woods like Jimmy Carter. BH Obama is an active anti-American socialist who, like all liberals, admires all things which are nor American. He has no regard of moral hazard…I doubt he has ever even considered the concept. He has no regard for human life which is why abortion and infantacide were such important first moves for him. He has made common cause with Hugo Chavez and Fidel Castro. By the way both of them enthusiastically supported Obama for President…and now that he is President both of them are actively proclaiming that the era of America is over.
posted April 10, 2009 at 10:26 am
Not from what I’m reading. He admits over and over that he often it taking extreme examples to make things clear, but there is no doubt in my mind from what I’ve been reading of late that what Greenspan was doing was planning in exactly the way Hayek was talking about. Hayek also demonstrates that the idea of a plan of any sort working out exactly as you want it to is wrong. You cannot know enough to know your plan, whatever that plan may be (especially if it has any level of complexity at all — anything using only Newtonian physics would be the exception), will work out as you expect it to, and to have the outcome you want. Whether the planning involves knowing what will happen if you raise or lower interest rates, increase or decrease the money supply, etc., it is in fact planning, and it is the sort of thing Hayek was talking about. Yes, often Hayek was talking about the tight-reins control advocated by socialists, but he also talks about “socialist competition” and the problems with it. THere are lots of different kinds and levels of planning. But whatever the kind, level, etc. of planning you have, Hayek demonstrated that it will fail to have the outcome you thought you were going to get. More, life and history have demonstrated it.
posted April 10, 2009 at 11:03 am
I have no liking for Alan Greenspan, who acted as a partisan hack and made lots of serious errors while chairman of the Fed. We are living the consequences of those errors.
But Hayek’s entire argument against government planning applied to whether government could replace the market process with centralized determination of prices. When he wrote, the word “socialism” meant replacing the market with top-down control.
Not even the most insane right wingers have suggested that Greenspan was attempting to create a centrally planned economy.
Everyone acts in the market, or any other complex adaptive system, everyone plans, some succeed, some fail, and the complexity of the market as a whole means the more complicated the plan the more likely it is to fail at some point. But that’s another issue entirely.
posted April 10, 2009 at 11:21 am
Of course Greenspan wasn’t trying to create a centrally planned economy. I never made that claim. Greenspan’s planning only involved a specific aspect of the economy: interest rates. But it was planning in Hayek’s use of the term. Hayek does talk about partially planned economies as well, including planned sectors. He only talks about completely planned economies — by his own admission — as a way of simplfying the discussion. He expects the reader to be able to then apply the principles he lays out to various levels of planning, including planning in a single sector. Otherwise, Hayek’s works are really period pieces of absolutely no relevance once history has proven planning to be impossible. I”m currently reading “Individualism and Economic Order,” and I see relevant arguments for what our government is doing all over the place in it. I suspect the same will be true with the other books by Hayek I will be reading soon (I’ve been invited to the Hayek colloquium in June).
If you prefer, Greenspan was applying Keynesean macroeconomics to interest rates. It’s worked out as well as his monetary policy did. Either way, such manipulation is government control, and such control is done through planning. When governments get involved in the economy, they are always involved in a massive scale and necessarily are dealing in highly complex plans. That’s why they fail more often than not. Hayek’s point about it being a knowledge problem is applicable no matter to what extent the government is involved.
posted April 12, 2009 at 11:46 am
Since I find the economics a bit complicated, I look to other, simple things President Obama ought to be doing. We haven’t signed on to the land mine treaty. Why? Why is the School of the Americas still open? These things can be changed quickly and I don’t think they are even on the table.