There was an interesting piece in yesterday's NYTimes opinion section, showing graphs from the General Social Survey tracking the change in Americans' opinions on particular issues over 34 years. The link to the short accompanying essay is here, but you have to click on the slide show part to see the graphs themselves. Worth doing.
To me, the most surprising thing is how steady opinions have held on so many controversial issues over the last 34 years. I would have predicted a big gap between the number of people who in 1972 said sex outside of marriage is "always wrong," and the number who said so last year. Not so: the drop is only 8 percent (34 pct then, versus 25 pct now). The number of people who say they are afraid to walk in their neighborhood at night has hovered around 40 percent for a generation. The number of people who believe in life after death has been only a few points north or south of 70 percent for over 30 years. There's been little variation in the reported level of happiness in the population, despite the significant growth of material wealth among average Americans. Most people are "very happy" in their marriage, and the percentage saying that has barely budged in a generation.
For me, the most startling graph was the one tracking the support of abortion rights from 1972 to 2006. The GSS tracks the conditions under which abortion rights supporters back legal abortion (e.g., rape and incest, life of the mother, any reason at all). Over 34 years, the lines are virtually flat. Can that really be right? If I'm reading the data correctly, for all the Sturm und Drang over abortion since Roe v. Wade, the country is no more liberal and no more conservative on the issue than the day SCOTUS spoke.
Fascinating change: which of the following five institutions -- religion, Congress, the media, medicine, the military -- is the only one to have grown in respect in 30 years? That's right, the military.
Fascinating change, but for a different reason: the percentage of people who say homosexuals should be allowed to teach in universities has gone up from 48 percent in 1972 to over 70 percent last year. And I'm thinking: 30 percent of Americans think gays shouldn't even be allowed to teach college? Man. I would have thought it was something like 10 percent, and even 34 years ago, the idea that a majority of people opposed gays teaching in college is startling to me, and disturbing.
How has the public's point of view on whether or not gays should have the right to marry changed over 30 years? We don't know. They haven't been testing for it, because until virtually the day before yesterday, it never occurred to the overwhelming majority of people to ask.

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The fact that people say that sex before marriage is wrong and that that many still do it, only shows that we all struggle with sin.
AlieraKieron, LOL. We had some friends, a very conservative RC couple (I say "had" because one day they apparently decided that they didn't need to be having liberal/pagan friends, and just dropped out of our circle). One day the wife (let's call her "Eve") was pontificating to one of our other friends ("Jezebel") about the fact that "Jezebel" was living with her boyfriend (whom she eventually married, if it makes a difference to anyone), and said, "I believe that sex outside of marriage is *always* wrong!" To which "Jezebel" replied, "Then you shouldn't have done it!" ("Eve" and her now-husband "Adam" had lived together while her first marriage was being anulled.) "Eve", oddly, did not immediately say, "You know, you have a point there", or even, "Yes, and I was wrong then too"... instead she spluttered self-righteously that that was "different", and changed the subject.
"30 percent of Americans think gays shouldn't even be allowed to teach college?" Why does this surprise you Rod? Isn't 30% pretty close to the "Religious Right" in America? Does it not reveal their power and infuence over the thinking process in America? (Hint: They're agin' it.) "Man. I would have thought it was something like 10 percent" Now THAT surprises ME, Rod. I thought you were more attuned to the realities of America. One can still be legally fired in 33 States just for being gay. How hard do you think it is for an openly gay person even to get that college teaching job in the first place? "and even 34 years ago, the idea that a majority of people opposed gays teaching in college is startling to me, and disturbing." Why should it "disturb" you, Rod? You used to belong to a very powerful, influential religion that presupposes the very 'sinfulness' and 'disorderedness' of gay people, despite its alleged "love the sinner" message. Yes, it is (sometimes) couched in terms of homosexual acts, but people, being human, far too often fail to make that distinction. And your former religion is not alone. (I presume the Orthodox Church doesn't look too kindly on queer folk either.) But when you add the power and influence of the rightwing evangelicals like Falsewell, Robertson, Swaggart, Dobson, Perkins, et al, well, like I said, it surprises me that you are "startled" and "disturbed" by these statistics. They reflect all too well the harsh reality of life in America for God's gay and lesbian children. They don't want us to hold jobs, get apartments, keep our kids, and heck, some of 'em want us dead. (Pace matt Sheppard, Gwen Araujo, Aaron Webster, and that poor 72 year old guy in Michigan last week.) May I humbly suggest you take your head out of the sand, Rod?
c and c, I recall seeing a Mori poll no more than 5 years ago showing that over 40% of the British public believed that homosexual behavior should be a criminal offense in ALL cases. Is that the "religious right," too? It's profoundly naive to equate hostility to homosexuals as persons with religious practice. It IS possible to hate the sin and really love the sinner -- that, in fact, is arguably the very essence of Christianity. More to the point, I've known or dealt with a TON of guys over the years who weren't religiously inclined in the least -- but who absolutely cannot stand gays. How do you explain that?
Simon, "I recall seeing a Mori poll no more than 5 years ago showing that over 40% of the British public believed that homosexual behavior should be a criminal offense in ALL cases." I just googled Mori polls and homosexuality and found nothing that even remotely backs up your claim. Please provide a link so that I can at least know where you get your source material. The closest thing I DID find was a 2006 MORI poll in Ireland which showed: "that three-quarters of the population in the North say they are tolerant of gay men, lesbians and bisexuals and 88 per cent believe there should be no discrimination against them. Although those surveyed think the North is still intolerant towards sexual minorities, their own attitudes challenge that perception. While 59 per cent said they considered the North 'either not very or not at all accepting' of lesbians, gay men and bisexuals, only 21 per cent of the same people hold such views themselves. The largest concentration of homophobic attitudes remains in the Protestant Evangelical community. Fourteen per cent of Protestants said they were 'not at all accepting' of the gay community - almost exactly the same percentage of Protestants who say they are Evangelical Christians in repeated public surveys. Catholics, despite papal encyclicals describing homosexuality as 'evil', were more tolerant of the gay community than Protestants. Eighty-three per cent of Catholics said they were 'very accepting' of gays, lesbians and bisexuals compared with 70 per cent of Protestants." link: http://www.guardian.co.uk/Northern_Ireland/Story/0,,1833593,00.html But this thread is about religious attitudes in Amerika. "It's profoundly naive to equate hostility to homosexuals as persons with religious practice." It most definitely is NOT "naive". Have you not heard of Falsewell's infamous "Declaration of War" against gays? I still have a copy of it. Have you not heard what Dobson, Robertson, Perkins, etc. SAY about gay people? Do you not think they have a modicum of influence? Heck, even the now disgraced "Reverend" Ted Haggart was a 'special advisor' to the White House. Methinks it is YOU who is naive. "It IS possible to hate the sin and really love the sinner -- that, in fact, is arguably the very essence of Christianity." It is indeed the essence of what Christianity is SUPPOSED to be about. Too bad so many can't sort out the difference and that so many of the "sinners" are the ones who get bashed. It MAY be possible, but in practice is rarely seen. "I've known or dealt with a TON of guys over the years who weren't religiously inclined in the least -- but who absolutely cannot stand gays. How do you explain that?" Easy. They're bigots. I know a TON of people who aren't religiously inclined in the least who absolutely cannot stand black people. Same difference. Hate is hate; injustice is injustice.
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