The South and the Alamo
I was thinking this morning about the (cultural) fate of the Alamo myth in this era of mass Mexican migration spurred by the economy, and I reflected again on Daniel Bell's point about each age constructing the myths that work...
"How many Texans in the coming generations will feel devotion to the heroes of the Alamo (who, fortunately for them, aren't tainted by slavery as Lee, Jackson, Davis and the others are)?" Well, I think it's in the 3rd grade when Providence students memorize Travis's letter from the Alamo. So some of the next generation will presumably feel this devotion.
The naming controversy over the soccer team in Houston should answer your question. Perhaps red state anglos should welcome the reconquista. Given citizenship, being part of Mexico may not be so bad. At least they have an immigration policy, not to mention a sane foreign policy.
I think you certainly are on to something about the changing of both myth and culture being pushed by economic tides. But I do have to point out that though the Alamo fighters, "aren't as tainted by slavery as Lee, Jackson, Davis, and others are," the Alamo myth is still tainted by the fact that a driving force for Texas independence was perpetuating the institution of slavery.
"...the Alamo myth is still tainted by the fact that a driving force for Texas independence was perpetuating the institution of slavery." This is a good point, but if we're talking about it "mythically"---as in, how it affects the culture---it doesn't matter if most people ignore that part.
God bless.
Interesting observation about the New South, Rod. Before the Civil War per capita income of North and South were about equal. For half a century afterwards, per capita income in the South was much lower (I have seen figures as low as 50%). That's not surprising given that two-fifths of military age men died in the war. Is it possible that the economic revival of the South during the 60s and 70s removed a source of the obsession with the past? As for the Alamo: there are plenty of wars in which both sides are wrong. To make Santa Ana into a hero is revolting. The man was an egomaniac and incompetent to boot (which is why he ultimately lost the war) -- a disgusting caudillo of a species that infested Spanish and Latin American politics through the 19th century. The Texan side pushed expansion of slavery, which is not excusable. To hell with myths. People need to learn to live with truth.
the point is that within living memory Southern white people generally had a real knowledge of and emotional relationship to the gods of the Old South. And now they don't. What larger forces transforming Southern society caused that to happen? I've comboxed on this before. It is today's mass immigration that is dissolving "the Old South"--and that is probably the best thing coming out of a bad situation. But it is inevitable. Take New England. It is now 50% Catholic, albeit nominally, the most heavily "Catholic" part of the U.S. Consider this list of prominent New England politicians of the past 40 odd years: Muskie, Dukakis, Cianci, Sununu, Kennedy, Shaheen, Lieberman, Leahy, O'Neill, Weicker, Grasso, Volpe, Cohen... Puritan, Protestant New England is gone forever, swamped by demographic change. In the South - it's already happened to Florida, Virginia north of the Rappahanock, etc. The South as "the South" survived so long because it was untouched by the vast wave of immigration in 1840-1920. As of 1910, there were more foreign-born residents of Indiana or Iowa alone than in the entire ex-CSA outside Texas. Most of the US was at least 25% foreign-born or children of foreign born at that time. The South, except for a few isolated bits (e.g. New Orleans and the Rio Grande valley), was less than 5%. But the current waves of migration and immigration are not sparing the South. Towns in Georgia are sprouting Mexican neighborhoods. Gujaratis run most of the motels in Mississippi. In another hundred, nay, fifty years, the CSA/"Old South" will mean no more to the average resident of "the South" than the Congregational Church means to the typical resident of New England today. There may be a longer persistence of the idea of "the Old South" simply because so much has been written (and sung and acted) about it. That too will become archaic, and meaningless, but I don't know how fast. But not much past our lifetimes.
Joey, you're right -- I know that Texas independence is linked to slavery, but at the level of myth, that's really not part of it. At least not as far as I can tell.
I was talking the other night to my dad in St. Francisville. He says you can now hear Spanish spoken in the aisles at the two town grocery stores. My dad says that the Mexicans are moving in because -- wait for it -- they're doing jobs that nobody else around town will do. Like it or not, there's a need for their labor.
I'm reminded of something that a colleague of mine once told me. When he was in graduate school, he was in class where they read the Iliad. There was a student in the class who had grown up in Turkey, and she said that when the Iliad is taught in schools in Turkey (which is astonishing in itself), Hector is treated as the hero, defending the Turkish homeland from a Greek invasion. ;-)
Sheesh, sorry about the italics tags.
I'm reading Orhan Pamuk's memoir of growing up in Istanbul. He talks about how either his wife, or the wife of a friend (can't remember), was in graduate school in NYC, and wrote a paper talking about the "conquest" of Constantinople in 1453. Her professor upbraided her for using "nationalist" rhetoric. But she was doing no such thing, at least not consciously: she had been taught to call it a "conquest;" to Westerners, it is a "fall."
I can live with "conquest". At least the Turks don't call it the "liberation" of Constantinople!
I think there's a difference in the examples, as well. Not exactly sure in what way, but I just don't think all that many southerners are interested in holding on to a grudge over "the war between the states" anymore.
Americans v. Americans does not play out nearly as well as the Us v. Them at the Alamo.
Okay, this will go in one head and out the other. But listen to me without prejudice of your own. To true dyed-in-the-wool multi generational Texans, like myself, (7th generation) the real threat to my/our Texas heritage was to me/us the avalanche of northern migration that began in my part of Texas, Dallas area, in the 1970s on through the 80s.
Case in Point: 100 year old traditional restaurant indigenous foods were suddenly corrupted and matter-of-fact recipes altered
Suddenly the cheese enchiladas were not served with onions inside because the new arrival immigrants, (white northeasterners) did not like them inside. The chili con carne was not with as much chili power or cumin. They became bland to natives. Jalapenos were no longer served melted into the cheese when we ordered nachos. (If we even got them on the side.) Because spicy was suddenly a sorta not-so-good thing. Many of us felt a helpless sense of losing something we truly loved. Imagine if that had taken place with your native Louisiana Cajun cuisine, where the roux was without that tang because the guys from New Jersey didn t like it. It was only when the Mexican wave came this century that I have tasted Mexican food as I knew it, and only in the parts of the city that are very working class. Suddenly by 1990s, the hometown of mine was 50% those who had no knowledge of it, no sense of caring about its history or nuance; People who had a sneering condescending contempt for Texas tradition far more than many of the Hispanics you describe. I should perhaps write a reality-check Op-Ed for your paper to this extent. The real loss of my Texas culture as I knew it dates to the immigrants from the north/northeast...more so than any from the south. Because at least with the Mexicans, they were part of the past...long ago and far away. A family from Philidelphia that was originally from Ottawa and moved to Plano, Texas, a Dallas suburb, hardly laid the groundwork for my heritage being respected, let alone maintained. They were simply transferred here to work for Frito-Lay and move on. Their kids were not raised in 'Texas' I knew and loved.
I wish you would write that essay, Rawlins. People like me are a threat to your Texas culture. I'm not hostile to it at all; I'm just benignly indifferent. I mean, I like it, but I can't love it like you can (or like my wife, a native, can).
Please do not misunderstand. YOU are not hostile to it Rod. A bit simplistic about its nuance. And understandably so. But absolutely in NO way 'hostile' to it. I was telling a larger story.
After that wave in the 1970s-1980s, Texas History, which had ALWAYS been taught throughout elementary school and beyond, was wiped away. The half that were not from here were simply not interested. This is NOT a debate like that about East Dallas urban pioneers. This is a true loss of a culture. And what WAS kept...like Cinco de Mayo...became a drunken lampoon. There are tons of people in Dallas at this moment who truly are completely unaware that before the Mexican invasion, there was always a huge thread of Mexico in all our souls, even if for many it was synthetic. Even then Gov. George W. Bush decorated the Governor's mansion for Christmas in traditional Mexican motif. To be honest, I actually consider President Bush a Texan. Many natives do not. Many NOT so native don't. To complicate this more, there are natives and there are natives. If, for instance, you were second generation Richardson Texas, raised by parents from Ohio, how did that make you the same as someone who grew up near San Antonio, or as I was raised by Texas ranching descendents? Most of the 2nd generation 'natives' have NO accent at all. There became a movement after the northern migration to NOT ever have kids who sounded like they were FROM here. That's why I was touched when you posted how you admired my accent when I do NPR Commentaries. There were many throughout my business career here who mocked it. Those who came here treated us who grew up here like the natives were treated by the Mormon missionaries in Hawaii.
By all means write it, Rawlins! I'm a 6th-generation Texan, with my Sons of the Republic of Texas certificate on the top of the bookcase behind me, and I couldn't agree more.
If you want to hear what Rawlins sounds like -- and trust me, you really do want to hear what Rawlins sounds like -- go here. If you want to hear what I'd sound like if I hadn't worked to lose my accent when I was a teenaged idiot, listen to my friend and former Baton Rouge Advocate colleague Ed Cullen, also an NPR commentator.
Those who came here treated us who grew up here like the natives were treated by the Mormon missionaries in Hawaii. Hey, I call foul. We Mormons came as missionaries to the Pacific islands after the great evangelical waves of the mid- to late-19th century; we encountered natives in the early 1900s that already had Protestant Bibles translated into their languages, and who had already been pushed around by Victorians concerned about the fate of these noble savages. A lot of the success that Mormon missionaries had in Hawaii, New Zealand, Tonga and elsewhere was an accident of the fact that other Christian missionaries had preceded us, and made the sort of antagonizing mistakes which Rawlins mentions. Completely besides the point of the post, I know, but still.
Russell, I take your generously made point to heart. Gracias. PS: That link Rod kindly posted was the very first time I recorded, almost 8 years ago. I could deliver a line better than that now in a coma. During a blackout. Following a triple bypass and traumatic shock after a starvation diet. Hopefully. Y'all sleep well.
This was a fun thread. I regret that I missed it yesterday. As many of you know, I was born and raised in the north but spent some of my adult life in the south. 5 years in Atlanta and 2 years in Plano. I agree that northern immigration to the south changed the metropolitan areas & the surrounding suburbs. I lived in a suburb of Atlanta. The neighborhood was a mix of natives and transplants. We all seemed to get along. One time, however, we were outside talking with a native couple in their early 70's. A car drove by with a license plate from the NE. The neighbors forgot who they were standing beside and said, "Go home Yankee!" We would go to Stone Mountain Park now & then to watch the light display against the rock. It's hard for northerners to understand all of the Dixie stuff. My husband would say, "They need to get over it!" To the southerners it was a display of southern pride. To northerners it was a display of divisiveness. It would be interesting to compare Civil War history as taught in southern schools vs northern schools. I was taught that the south was clearly in the wrong, & it's a good thing for our country that the north won. Plano, Tx was a different story. I met very few native Texans. My neighborhood was all transplants. My son attended a preschool at the Jewish Community Center. Native Texan Jews didn't seem any different than the Jews I met in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. I don't even recall hearing much of an accent.
I remember when we first arrived in Plano, we asked a friend where we could find some good Texan barbecue. We never did find any good Texan barbecue. I can only recall eating at food chains. Some of them were pretty fancy chains, but they were still chains. My family really likes ethnic foods of all kinds. We would have liked to have found a small place that served good barbecue and beans. History is always taught with a bias. It's possible that areas that have a mix of native population & transplant might offer a perspective that's closer to the truth.
Most of the native Texan Jews whom I met didn't seem to be native by more than a generation or 2. I'm not sure that they count as being natives.
This is an immensely thoughtful and interesting post, Rod. It kills me to imagine kids growing up in Massachusetts who don't feel a connection to the Revolution and the Founding. The myth is important not just because we need myths and heroes, but because the protagonists worked to create enduring, good institutions.
Case in Point: 100 year old traditional restaurant indigenous foods were suddenly corrupted and matter-of-fact recipes altered Suddenly the cheese enchiladas were not served with onions inside because the new arrival immigrants, (white northeasterners) did not like them inside. Lord Almighty. The mind of the modern liberal never ceases to amaze. This--THIS--is the great white offense you can come up with to offset rising violent crime, drunken driving and linguistic inundation due to illegal immigration? Talking about straining at a gnat and swallowing a camel.
Well, Rawlins, I guess it all depends on whether you think that the restaurants existed for the purpose of being living museums of ethnic cuisines, or for serving customers and making money. It's too bad that the new arrivals couldn't appreciate the "authentic" qualities of the indigenous food; but if the restaurants didn't cater to their customers they'd be out of business anyway, so how would that have been any better? If the "natives" are really upset that the restaurants have watered down the cuisine to accommodate the tastes of the "newcomers", then perhaps the "natives" need to band together to start a restaurant that serves only "authentic" cuisine -- and be sure to patronize it enough to ensure its survival. Of course I speak as someone from Ohio who moved to Texas three years ago, and who considers regards ordinary black pepper with great suspicion as an exotic spice. I still consider myself a Midwestener living abroad. ;-)
David, you may well always consider yourself a 'Midwesterner living abroad'. When in Rome is one thing; when in Texas another. To my original point, I learned that years ago. However, when I do go to Ohio, I'll know who the Tafts were. Even who Hope Taft was. The 'changes' brought about by Americans who relocate to a place that has a lengthy and remarkable history of its own, subjugated by an indifferent air of entitled superiority or maybe simple disinterest, was only illustrated by the food analogy. Many of you got that, and Derek notwithstanding, I was gratified and touched, to be honest, and say a belated Thank you .
And to my good friend neighbors . who are Jewish who moved here last year from New York and rant daily how they cannot get a 'decent bagel in Dallas', my reply: "No. Nor I a decent enchilada in Tel Aviv".
Touch '.
I grew up in Dallas. My maternal grandfather was born in Groesbeck then raised in Anna. hes parents arrived in the 1880s from Missouri. My father arrived from the New York after WW2 when he attended Med school in Galveston. I don't ever think he had a New Yawk accent. Unfortunately Dallas (if you can believe it) was in my opinion cosmopolitan. Too many folks from outside Texas who overwhelmed the Texas accent. I've had folks tell me I don't sound Texan, to which I respond with my best attempt "wall thas becuz my pairents spent their money sending me to good schools so I wouldn't sound like one" True to a point because I attended a small boys school run by Hungarian monks. and to this day I can still sound like a Hungarian! good thread
I see nothing to be ashamed of in the Alamo yarn.
Imagine: had we lost there, the Mexicans would be trying to leave Texas and get into Missouri right now.
(For the record: I'm transplant, born in Michigan, and odds are I'm not going to stay here past my adulthood. My family has a mildly nomadic streak for some reason.)
Rod, I read your column in the DMN today (Sun. 6/03). One thought I had was that, if Santa Ana is the hero of the Alamo story, then what does our young friend make of Juan Seguin and all the Tejanos who fought for Texas independence? Besides, how can Santa Ana be a hero to Mexicans? He was the one who *lost* Texas, despite his victory at the Alamo. And, from everything I've read, in Mexico he is regarded as one of the great villains of Mexican history. Only in *this* country could someone of Mexican heritage argue with a straight face that Santa Ana is a hero.
Santa Ana was a lousy general. I don't mean to take anything away from the bravery and tenacity of the Texians at the Alamo, but a competent general commanding that Mexican army would have reduced the Alamo in fewer than 13 days, given the overwhelming numerical superiority.
My family is from Atlanta and I remember it before the fancy buildings were built and everyone from the North (and Nigeria) started inundating the place. Atlantans have been pretty tolerant about it and only started grumbling five years ago.
A Tennesean friend moved to Atlanta after a few years in Arizona and her relief in being back in Dixie evaporated when she couldn't find decent cornbread (it has sugar in it!!)or ice tea anywhere. I know all that movement is good for Atlanta's economy, but frankly I miss the earlier simplicity along with biscuits and buttermilk in aluminum glasses or jelly jars.
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