Crunchy Con

The other side of the mortgage story

Thursday January 31, 2008

Categories: Decline and fall, Economics

I was talking with a friend who works in the home mortgage field, and brought up the case of Susan and Michael Walker, which I'd seen on ABC World News. They're a family desperate to keep their house, which they couldn't pay for after their adjustable rate mortgage kicked in. I told my friend I felt really sorry for the Walkers, and couldn't figure out why the heartless mortgage company couldn't reduce their mortgage down from 14 percent to something that would let them stay in their house.

My friend, who also saw the story responded:


I tell you what's absolutely maddening about this whole sub-prime mortgage crisis. It's the issue of entitlement. I'm sorry, but this couple had no business buying a $172,000 home on less than $80,000/yr. combined income. Nor did some loan originator have any business giving them a 100% (no money down) Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM) at a 9% introductory rate. Are you kidding me? But because they wanted the house, and the mortgage loan originator wanted the hefty fee that goes with creating such a mortgage, the deal is done. And then this piece-of-crap debt is bought and pooled together with other piece-of-crap debt by companies like mine, and sold as Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) on Wall Street to pension fund managers, insurance fund managers, and the like. "Hey," the big mortgage companies say to themselves, "we can make big money by purchasing these crap loans, convert them to securities, mark them up, and then sell them to investors. We'll take our cut and still there's enough $$$ to go around! Let's do it!" And the pension fund managers who invest in these MBSs think to themselves, "Hey, it's a good investment! It's backed by good collateral - mortgages - right? That's a pretty safe stream of good, steady income for us. Let's get while the gettin's good!"

And that's when the bottom falls out of the whole. damn. thing.

People like Susan and Michael Walker start to not make their payments, because they did not understand, before signing on the dotted line, what happens to a mortgage payment when the interest rate goes from 9% to 14%. They were probably barely making ends meet when their rate was at 9%. It's unbelievable to me that anyone would have signed on the dotted line when faced with this very real possibility. They either didn't understand what could happen, or they just didn't care. I guarantee you what the originator told them. "Hey, don't worry about it. Property values are going up. You'll grow equity that way. And besides, rates will probably go down in a few years, and then you can refinance at a lower rate. You'll be ok."

So ABC News calls the company that holds their mortgage and says, in effect, "What gives? Why won't you help these poor people? They're just trying to live the American dream." What could any company do in the face of that? Refuse to modify the loan on principle that they shouldn't have entered into the agreement in the first place? Of course the loan got modified, like ABC reported. Makes things affordable for the Walker family, that's for sure.

The thing is, everyone in this cycle is implicated in this mess. It's greed, and entitlement. I want what I want and I want it now - from the borrowers who have no business borrowing, to originators who have no business lending the money, to the mortgage companies who have no business buying the crap loans, to the investors on Wall Street who have no business purchasing these Mortgage-Backed Securities.

It's all about to come crashing down, and hard.

What's "all"? I asked my friend, thinking he meant the home mortgage biz. He said, "The whole global financial system." It's built on a house of sand, he explained. People expecting things they can't afford, and other people enabling them. Everybody wanting to get rich now, and letting the future worry about itself. This is where the culture has directed the market, and now the bill is about to come due. We've had a massive party for a long time, every one of us. Now comes daylight, and the hangover, and the mess.

Filed Under: crisis, culture, economy, Mortgage

Comments

how about squeezing in some more basic accouting and economics classes so everyone can understand personal finance?

When I was in high school, all seniors had to take and pass "Senior Health" before they could graduate. I'm sure it had a lot about contraception and STDs and so on, but the part I remember -- and that's relevant here -- was the "family life" part.

The class teamed up into "married" couples and then each couple went at it. We were given an income and from there had to make a budget that included food, housing, and insurance. We'd go to the grocery store and check out prices, create menus, and so on. We spent a lot of time looking in the classified section of the local papers (apartments for rent, supplemental part-time jobs, used cars...). Sometimes people got the baby card, and had to factor those expenses in. We had credit cards, and we had to know the interest rate, the minimum payments, the implications of only paying the minimum, and so on.

A couple of insurance people came to talk to us (probably they were the dads of students). We learned about car insurance, home-owners insurance, and life insurance. As I recall, we weren't required to buy insurance, but we had to convince the teacher that we had reasons for whatever decisions we made.

This went on for about two months, I think, and it was terrific. It was really fun, it required creativity and communication, and it was astoundingly useful.

Mrs. Pringle

My personal view is that you shouldn't buy a house unless you can make the mortgage payment on *one* income. Rod, simply by doing this, you are miles ahead financially of many people. There is a fantastic book which confirms this, called "The Two-Income Trap: Why Middle-Class Parents are Going Broke" by bankruptcy expert Elizabeth Warren. It was written before the House Bubble Bomb, but she eerily predicts it in her descriptions of out-of-control American spending.

But the problems of the $80k/yr couple in the $172K house are twofold: first, they got an ARM (and I agree there was probably bad credit history before hand), and second, they probably had no down payment.

The third factor in many of these situations is the mortgage broker. We had never heard of those when we bought our house. They are NOT necessary to obtain a mortgage. Rate information can be obtained from the internet; from phone calls; from the realtor printing out a simple MLS listing (that's how we found our lender.) MBs are not licensed or certified (they should be), and they get kickbacks from "steering" people to certain lenders. If people don't have the smarts or resources to find their own loans - *they shouldn't be buying a house.*

seeking_advice, I'm not being facetious when I recommend the "For Dummies" series of books. They have faintly insulting titles but the ones I've read are written in clear, concise prose, and IMO they communicate very well. Start with "Personal Finance for Dummies" and "Home Buying for Dummies." They are most likely available in your local library (BTW, another very good place to start, for learning about stuff.)

I think the law should require 20% down payment for purchase. A real 20%. No piggy back HELOCS taking the overall LTV above 80%. People who have no significant equity have no skin in the game. It's a moral hazard. Housing prices would come down significantly and we'd get back to a stable market. No more bubbles.

You should also not be allowed to borrow beyond 80% LTV at any time going forward. Lots of people will be above this as prices come down.

Katie and " ", thanks for the helpful suggestions.

Another piece of advice on how to learn the financial stuff: many of the people who will try to "advise" you (realtors, mortgage brokers, all types of insurance agents, stockbrokers/mutual fund sellers, high school personal finance teachers) 1) have their interests at heart, not yours; and/or 2) are really dumb about this stuff too. You need to seek out and find (and sometimes pay) people who are truly independent and truly knowledgeable. Do not take advice from someone who will benefit from your ignorance.

Agree that the "Dummies" and "Idiots" series of books are not so bad for understanding basic principles. Also "Your Money or Your Life" (but not for the investment advice), and the WSJ several years ago had a short, easy to read finance book that I have assigned to my 13 year old. Can't find the title right now, something obvious like "Understanding Personal Finance." I got it free for subscribing. Suze Orman has a relatively good book, "The money book for the young, fabulous, and broke" that I gave my 20 year old nephew for Christmas.

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About Crunchy Con

Rod Dreher is an editorial columnist for the Dallas Morning News, and author of "Crunchy Cons" (Crown Forum), a nonfiction book about conservatives, most of them religious, whose faith and political convictions sometimes put them at odds with mainstream conservatives. The views expressed in this blog are his own.

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