Tonight I've been clearing out our bookshelves. I ran across a book I haven't looked at in ages: "Divine Mercy in My Soul," the diary of St. Faustina Kowalska. St. Faustina (1905-1938) was a Pole and a Catholic nun and...
So Catholics can play the Evangelical/Pentecostal "It's the End of the World As We Know It And I Feel Fine" game, too?
Irenaeus
February 3, 2008 10:52 PM
Eschatology (the doctrine of "last things", from Gk eschatos, "last") is an indispensable part of Catholic and Orthodox theology. It's just that most Catholics and Orthodox don't play the mindless fundamentalist game of trying to fit contemporary events into Revelation, Daniel, and Mark 13. But in generic Christian theology, creation has a beginning, and it has an end, and end which constitutes not its destruction but its final renewal and perfection. How Obama and Putin and the UN fit into that, well, most thoughtful Christians are willing to leave well enough alone. (Although I've heard from some quarters that Obama is actually the Son of God come again to save us:)
Max Schadenfreude
February 4, 2008 1:12 AM
All I know is that I can't think of any of those "Left Behind" books without thinking of that Spinal Tap song.
I'm just saying.
Cleveland
February 4, 2008 2:29 AM
The Chaplet of the Divine Mercy is a prayer/chant Christ told Faustina He wanted everyone to say. It's said on rosary beads and, if sung, takes about 10 minutes.
Catholics who aren't familiar with it should become so--it's beautiful and uplifting. One can almost judge the Catholicity of a parish by whether or not the Chaplet is ever utilized.
It sure would be nice if it caught on in Orthodoxy, too.
aerty
February 4, 2008 4:49 AM
Irenaeus, I hear where you're coming from, but I wouldn't call it a "mindless fundamentalist game." Isaac Newton spent the last years of his life trying to figure out the book of Daniel. Maybe it was a waste of his time, but he obviously thought it was important and worthwhile. I'm not sure I'd call Newton "mindless" for engaging in that kind of endeavor.
Of course, I know you're not referring to Newton, but to the Hal Lindsey types who say that "such and such is proof that the Lord is coming back soon," until something goes wrong and then it becomes "the fact that such and such is no longer true is proof that the Lord is coming back soon." The most obvious example is that in most "end times scenarios" the Soviet Union was expected to exist until the end. When Soviet Communism collapsed, all of a sudden end-timers were in a quandry. Now that Islamism has reared its ugly head, we can all prepare for more end of the world scenarios. (I don't mean to belittle the actual threat from Islamic fundamentalism, I'm just saying that lots of Christians are going to shoe-horn that into some sort of Second Coming scenario.)
As someone who spent many years in a dispensationalist group strongly influenced by J.N. Darby who virtually invented the genre, I learned to take all of it with many grains of salt.
But I do think that the Biblical admonitions to watch for His coming (i.e. "like a thief in the night") are obviously meant to be heeded. In particular we are to "watch" by keeping ourselves in a healthy spiritual condition, so that we are a treasure He can return for. 2 Peter 3:12 even speaks of "looking for and hastening the coming of the day of God." We can hasten His return, not by studying end-times scenarios, but by communing with Him and loving Him more than this sick and corrupted world.
maria
February 4, 2008 6:01 AM
Prohecies is interesting subject. 19 century Orthodox monks predicted the ruin of monarchy in Russia and a period of atheistic rule (it was before Fatima), there were also predictions that before the end of the world (the last war?) there would be an Orthodox Tzar in russia and a time of prosperity. The end coming from China, Europe being on the side of russia, and so on. Fantastic things. And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?
John in Dallas
February 4, 2008 8:49 AM
Big question: Was it a book you decided to keep or get rid of? I would be curious to know your opinion of the book now that you've joined the Eastern church.
jaybird
February 4, 2008 9:00 AM
Isaac Newton spent the last years of his life trying to figure out the book of Daniel. Maybe it was a waste of his time, but he obviously thought it was important and worthwhile. I'm not sure I'd call Newton "mindless" for engaging in that kind of endeavor.
Newton was probably one of the most intelligent men that ever lived, but he was also not entirely there either, as some of his more arcane studies show. By most accounts he was nearly impossible to get along with, and there's some evidence that he may have suffered from Asperger's syndrome early on, and severe Mercury poisoning toward the end of his life.
Rod Dreher
February 4, 2008 9:12 AM
I kept it. To be honest, I've only ever read around in it. As a Catholic, I didn't know quite what to make of it, not even after she was declared a saint. I think her revelations could be true, but I reserve judgment.
John in Dallas
February 4, 2008 9:48 AM
I'm the same way. I pick it up and read random passages every once in a while. I feel that some of it is quite profound, but still seem pretty cool towards it.
I probably wouldn't pay much mind to it if Benedict Groeschel didn't promote the devotions as much as he does.
In my more dissatisfied moments, however, when I've pondered Orthodoxy, I've wondered what would become of the apparations, devotions, etc. that a Catholic is exposed to.
meh
February 4, 2008 10:24 AM
"And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?"
Yeah, that's it, if a prophocy doesn't come true, it must have been abolished by God. I think this happens all the time to Sylvia Browne.
Rod Dreher
February 4, 2008 11:42 AM
In my more dissatisfied moments, however, when I've pondered Orthodoxy, I've wondered what would become of the apparations, devotions, etc. that a Catholic is exposed to.
Well, keep in mind that as far as Catholicism is concerned, no Catholic believer is required to accept as truthful and valid any extrabiblical revelation or vision. Unless I'm mistaken -- and please correct me if I am -- all the Catholic Church authorities can do is to declare that a particular apparition, revelation, what have you, doesn't contradict the deposit of the faith, and appears to be valid. I don't know what the Orthodox position is. Frankly, it would be simply wrong to declare that prophecy can happen -- who are we to tell God he can't tell his people what is to come? -- but it's also foolish to put much stock in latter-day prophets.
Simon
February 4, 2008 11:48 AM
"And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?"
1. Which Fathers are these, and what sort of "prophecies" are they talking about?
2. For the record, even with regard to canonized saints, the Catholic Church does not regard so-called "private revelations" as part of the Faith. An individual is free to believe in them to the extent they are found "worthy of belief" (i.e., not contradictory to Divine Revelation), but Divine Revelation itself ended with the Apostles and New Testament.
John in Dallas
February 4, 2008 11:58 AM
Rod,
You are correct about the Catholic position. I don't anything about whether or not Orthodox pay any attention to approved Catholic apparitions like Fatima, Lourdes, etc.
Irenaeus
February 4, 2008 12:18 PM
Aerty, thanks for the post. You know whereof you speak. I think your last paragraph is spot-on, and I would only make explicit what seems implicit therein: that our watching entails a perpetual state of readiness (24/7/365 as my students put it), not a fascination with dates and times. At the end of Mark 13, Jesus says (paraphrasing from memory), "About that day or time no one knows, not the angels, nor the Son, but only the Father...therefore what I say to you I say to all: keep watch." If Jesus on earth didn't know the time of the end, who are we to try and figure it out? And even if we could, would that really affect our behavior? Would we spend a season in sin and then clean up our act right before the End? I hope not. That's cynical. So, in my mind, we can't know, it shouldn't make a difference if we did, and so we keep ready at all times.
aerty
February 4, 2008 1:08 PM
I fully agree with you, Irenaeus. Thanks for your comments as well. By the way, I wrote something more extensive and it got swallowed up by the powers-that-be. Sorry I don't have more time to follow up.
Jillian
February 4, 2008 4:20 PM
Hmm, I doubt Nostradamus and St Faustina are to be understood in the same ways.
In 1937 deeply committed Catholic Poles were very much concerned with Russian and German designs for dominion, both countries being run by totalitarians most easily described as atheists. But Catholic Poland didn't, to put it lightly, enjoy its various historical crushings by Protestant Prussians and Orthodox Czarist forces either. Maybe that is why Faustina concerns herself with Poland as a national entity, which is something of a curiosity for a saint/mystic.
Big chunks of Poland were at the time well known to be on Hitler’s list for annexation by force or threat of force; Germany lost substantial areas (relatively speaking, small by US standards) to Poland in the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. In 1920 there was actually a short but unknown Russian-Polish war that with some luck and heroism the Poles won against Lenin’s inept invading armies, but it's not as if Lenin's heirs were in any hurry to forgive or forget the defeat. (See the Battle of Warsaw.)
John Paul II was not exactly thrilled, in the last years of his life, that Poland rejected his hopes that it become the wellspring of a re-Catholization of Europe. In the late Nineties a lot of young Poles stopped regular churchgoing and the picture there apparently now resembles that of the rest of central and eastern Europe. Churchgoing peaked in Western Europe after WW2, the redecline began during the early 1950s.
As for how how holy and exalted Lech Walesa, Solidarinosç, and the Polish Church really were/are...Wojtyla escaped taint for faults and sins of the Church in Poland under German occupation and the pogroms that followed the war, and then under Soviet and Communist rule, but many others in positions of responsibility did not.
Simon
February 4, 2008 4:40 PM
Faustina concerns herself with Poland as a national entity, which is something of a curiosity for a saint/mystic.
St. Joan of Arc?
In the late Nineties a lot of young Poles stopped regular churchgoing and the picture there apparently now resembles that of the rest of central and eastern Europe. Churchgoing peaked in Western Europe after WW2, the redecline began during the early 1950s.
According to survey data maintained by Georgetown University, the percentage of adult Catholics who attend Mass at least once per week (self-reported) in Poland is 62%, down only marginally from the 68% level at the time the Soviet Bloc collapsed.
Weekly Mass attendance rates are higher in Poland than those of any other European country except Ireland (still 71%, but down from 85% circa 1990) and Malta (84%). Slovakia (57%) is the only other European country with a comparably high rate.
Curiously, but in line with other surveys and lots of anecdotal evidence, the one European country where Mass attendance has been trending steadily upward for some time is Italy. 48% of adult Italian Catholics now say they attend at least weekly, far more than most Western European countries (except Malta and Ireland), and a significant jump from the 35% reported back in 1980.
DJ
February 4, 2008 6:31 PM
To add to Simon's comments, thankfully Jillian is wrong, Mass attendence in Poland is quite high and demographically even, it is not just old people, in fact, in the Univ. City of Krakow man churches are packed up and down the aisles and out the front steps with 20-something students. Of course statistics are not perfect but I had heard that weekly Mass attendence in Poland was something like 75% of Catholics (Catholics being 95% of the population) the 62% number might refer to people who go to Mass every week without fail, thus while on any given sunday 75% of Catholics are in Church, on every given Sunday 62% of the same people are in Church. Also, daily Mass, Rosary, confession, and all traditional devotions are well practiced in Poland. Also it should be pointed out that it is Polish immigrants that are driving up the Mass attendence numbers in the UK.
maria
February 5, 2008 5:46 AM
to Simon, heard that idea on Radio Radonezh, many orthodox fathers talk there. If you search words 'prophcecy' and 'Ninevia' in the net,you will find a biblical story about how prophecy of Jonah was abolished by God who saw that people believed in it and started to repent actively.
Sometimes i think what for to do anything if your fate is to go to hell you will be there no matter what you do, and if we believe that person can change his fate, does that mean that future of person is unknown even to God? Or God can abolish the wrong future. Too confusing for me, better not to think about it.
mom4vr61
February 5, 2008 1:09 PM
DJ - It is funny that you would say this. I was attending a college event for my son & ran into a woman from Poland whose daughter was attending school with him. She has been in our country for approx. 5 years for her job. The biggest thing she liked about our country was the fact that no one knew if you went to church on Sunday or not. Apparently, one of the biggest reasons these people are in church is because they have to do so. I would have loved to ask her who cared - the government, your neighbors, etc. Interesting at any rate, but this may why so many people are in those pews.
Simon
February 5, 2008 2:24 PM
I was attending a college event for my son & ran into a woman from Poland whose daughter was attending school with him. She has been in our country for approx. 5 years for her job. The biggest thing she liked about our country was the fact that no one knew if you went to church on Sunday or not. Apparently, one of the biggest reasons these people are in church is because they have to do so.
Hmmmm.... the only reason everyone goes is because everyone goes? Sounds a little like Yogi Berra's remark about Coney Island: Nobody goes there anymore because it's too crowded.
FWIW, I went to law school with a Polish guy who constantly said much the same thing, and also fretted about the "excessive" influence of the Church on Polish life etc. After a semester of this, it came out that my classmate's father had been an official of the Polish Communist Party. His anticlericalism was all about protecting his status as part of the privileged elite.
DJ
February 5, 2008 3:20 PM
mom4vr61, having lived in Poland I can try to speak to this a little more.
First off though, augmenting Simon's point, if you meet a Pole who has anti-clerical leanings the chances are the parents were active and privleged in the PZPR (Polish United Workers' Party).
As for social pressures to attend Mass. A German friend of mine (who is rather critical of religion) said that in Poland, "All people have is their farm and their Church." I suppose for people in small rural villages where everyone knows everyone, not making it to Mass on Sunday is noticed.
Culture in the small villages is sort of on a plane with "Quiet Man" era Ireland.
In the cities however, Krakow for example has 72 Churches within the old-city (a very compact core area). Most of these churches are huge, most of them have several Masses on Sunday, and are always packed. Frankly I had no clue where the people were comming from to keep filling them!
In the USA we are are used to finding the Catholic Church in an area, figuring out the Mass time, and if we screw up on either of those accounts we aren't gonna make it to Mass.
In Poland, I never even bothered to learn the Mass times of various Churches, Sunday morning I just walked arround and it was always inevitable that I'd find one, it seemed that from 6:00 AM until 1:00 PM there was a Mass starting every-half hour somewhere.
Now with all these options of churches and Mass times, the individual church go-er is anonomous, this is not the tiny village Parish model, so whether one goes to Church or not goes complelty un-noticed, there is no community pressure, and the effect of family/cultural pressure is not the driving force for 20-somethings, bottom line, people in Poland are in Church because they want to be there, they like going to Mass and it is important to them.
As for the gov't in PL, the Law and Justice Party claimed deep loyalty to the Catholic Church, but for almost all of Polish history, going to Church was an act of defiance against Communist, Nazi, or Czarist overlords.
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Rod Dreher is an editorial columnist for the Dallas Morning News, and author of "Crunchy Cons" (Crown Forum), a nonfiction book about conservatives, most of them religious, whose faith and political convictions sometimes put them at odds with mainstream conservatives. The views expressed in this blog are his own.
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So Catholics can play the Evangelical/Pentecostal "It's the End of the World As We Know It And I Feel Fine" game, too?
Eschatology (the doctrine of "last things", from Gk eschatos, "last") is an indispensable part of Catholic and Orthodox theology. It's just that most Catholics and Orthodox don't play the mindless fundamentalist game of trying to fit contemporary events into Revelation, Daniel, and Mark 13. But in generic Christian theology, creation has a beginning, and it has an end, and end which constitutes not its destruction but its final renewal and perfection. How Obama and Putin and the UN fit into that, well, most thoughtful Christians are willing to leave well enough alone. (Although I've heard from some quarters that Obama is actually the Son of God come again to save us:)
All I know is that I can't think of any of those "Left Behind" books without thinking of that Spinal Tap song.
I'm just saying.
The Chaplet of the Divine Mercy is a prayer/chant Christ told Faustina He wanted everyone to say. It's said on rosary beads and, if sung, takes about 10 minutes.
Catholics who aren't familiar with it should become so--it's beautiful and uplifting. One can almost judge the Catholicity of a parish by whether or not the Chaplet is ever utilized.
It sure would be nice if it caught on in Orthodoxy, too.
Irenaeus, I hear where you're coming from, but I wouldn't call it a "mindless fundamentalist game." Isaac Newton spent the last years of his life trying to figure out the book of Daniel. Maybe it was a waste of his time, but he obviously thought it was important and worthwhile. I'm not sure I'd call Newton "mindless" for engaging in that kind of endeavor.
Of course, I know you're not referring to Newton, but to the Hal Lindsey types who say that "such and such is proof that the Lord is coming back soon," until something goes wrong and then it becomes "the fact that such and such is no longer true is proof that the Lord is coming back soon." The most obvious example is that in most "end times scenarios" the Soviet Union was expected to exist until the end. When Soviet Communism collapsed, all of a sudden end-timers were in a quandry. Now that Islamism has reared its ugly head, we can all prepare for more end of the world scenarios. (I don't mean to belittle the actual threat from Islamic fundamentalism, I'm just saying that lots of Christians are going to shoe-horn that into some sort of Second Coming scenario.)
As someone who spent many years in a dispensationalist group strongly influenced by J.N. Darby who virtually invented the genre, I learned to take all of it with many grains of salt.
But I do think that the Biblical admonitions to watch for His coming (i.e. "like a thief in the night") are obviously meant to be heeded. In particular we are to "watch" by keeping ourselves in a healthy spiritual condition, so that we are a treasure He can return for. 2 Peter 3:12 even speaks of "looking for and hastening the coming of the day of God." We can hasten His return, not by studying end-times scenarios, but by communing with Him and loving Him more than this sick and corrupted world.
Prohecies is interesting subject. 19 century Orthodox monks predicted the ruin of monarchy in Russia and a period of atheistic rule (it was before Fatima), there were also predictions that before the end of the world (the last war?) there would be an Orthodox Tzar in russia and a time of prosperity. The end coming from China, Europe being on the side of russia, and so on. Fantastic things. And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?
Big question: Was it a book you decided to keep or get rid of? I would be curious to know your opinion of the book now that you've joined the Eastern church.
Isaac Newton spent the last years of his life trying to figure out the book of Daniel. Maybe it was a waste of his time, but he obviously thought it was important and worthwhile. I'm not sure I'd call Newton "mindless" for engaging in that kind of endeavor.
Newton was probably one of the most intelligent men that ever lived, but he was also not entirely there either, as some of his more arcane studies show. By most accounts he was nearly impossible to get along with, and there's some evidence that he may have suffered from Asperger's syndrome early on, and severe Mercury poisoning toward the end of his life.
I kept it. To be honest, I've only ever read around in it. As a Catholic, I didn't know quite what to make of it, not even after she was declared a saint. I think her revelations could be true, but I reserve judgment.
I'm the same way. I pick it up and read random passages every once in a while. I feel that some of it is quite profound, but still seem pretty cool towards it.
I probably wouldn't pay much mind to it if Benedict Groeschel didn't promote the devotions as much as he does.
In my more dissatisfied moments, however, when I've pondered Orthodoxy, I've wondered what would become of the apparations, devotions, etc. that a Catholic is exposed to.
"And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?"
Yeah, that's it, if a prophocy doesn't come true, it must have been abolished by God. I think this happens all the time to Sylvia Browne.
In my more dissatisfied moments, however, when I've pondered Orthodoxy, I've wondered what would become of the apparations, devotions, etc. that a Catholic is exposed to.
Well, keep in mind that as far as Catholicism is concerned, no Catholic believer is required to accept as truthful and valid any extrabiblical revelation or vision. Unless I'm mistaken -- and please correct me if I am -- all the Catholic Church authorities can do is to declare that a particular apparition, revelation, what have you, doesn't contradict the deposit of the faith, and appears to be valid. I don't know what the Orthodox position is. Frankly, it would be simply wrong to declare that prophecy can happen -- who are we to tell God he can't tell his people what is to come? -- but it's also foolish to put much stock in latter-day prophets.
"And what is also interesting, some fathers suppose that God can 'abolish' any prophesies. That seems hard to understand, if something was really promised and was going to happen but then depending on people's wrong behaviour promises were abolished?"
1. Which Fathers are these, and what sort of "prophecies" are they talking about?
2. For the record, even with regard to canonized saints, the Catholic Church does not regard so-called "private revelations" as part of the Faith. An individual is free to believe in them to the extent they are found "worthy of belief" (i.e., not contradictory to Divine Revelation), but Divine Revelation itself ended with the Apostles and New Testament.
Rod,
You are correct about the Catholic position. I don't anything about whether or not Orthodox pay any attention to approved Catholic apparitions like Fatima, Lourdes, etc.
Aerty, thanks for the post. You know whereof you speak. I think your last paragraph is spot-on, and I would only make explicit what seems implicit therein: that our watching entails a perpetual state of readiness (24/7/365 as my students put it), not a fascination with dates and times. At the end of Mark 13, Jesus says (paraphrasing from memory), "About that day or time no one knows, not the angels, nor the Son, but only the Father...therefore what I say to you I say to all: keep watch." If Jesus on earth didn't know the time of the end, who are we to try and figure it out? And even if we could, would that really affect our behavior? Would we spend a season in sin and then clean up our act right before the End? I hope not. That's cynical. So, in my mind, we can't know, it shouldn't make a difference if we did, and so we keep ready at all times.
I fully agree with you, Irenaeus. Thanks for your comments as well. By the way, I wrote something more extensive and it got swallowed up by the powers-that-be. Sorry I don't have more time to follow up.
Hmm, I doubt Nostradamus and St Faustina are to be understood in the same ways.
In 1937 deeply committed Catholic Poles were very much concerned with Russian and German designs for dominion, both countries being run by totalitarians most easily described as atheists. But Catholic Poland didn't, to put it lightly, enjoy its various historical crushings by Protestant Prussians and Orthodox Czarist forces either. Maybe that is why Faustina concerns herself with Poland as a national entity, which is something of a curiosity for a saint/mystic.
Big chunks of Poland were at the time well known to be on Hitler’s list for annexation by force or threat of force; Germany lost substantial areas (relatively speaking, small by US standards) to Poland in the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. In 1920 there was actually a short but unknown Russian-Polish war that with some luck and heroism the Poles won against Lenin’s inept invading armies, but it's not as if Lenin's heirs were in any hurry to forgive or forget the defeat. (See the Battle of Warsaw.)
John Paul II was not exactly thrilled, in the last years of his life, that Poland rejected his hopes that it become the wellspring of a re-Catholization of Europe. In the late Nineties a lot of young Poles stopped regular churchgoing and the picture there apparently now resembles that of the rest of central and eastern Europe. Churchgoing peaked in Western Europe after WW2, the redecline began during the early 1950s.
As for how how holy and exalted Lech Walesa, Solidarinosç, and the Polish Church really were/are...Wojtyla escaped taint for faults and sins of the Church in Poland under German occupation and the pogroms that followed the war, and then under Soviet and Communist rule, but many others in positions of responsibility did not.
Faustina concerns herself with Poland as a national entity, which is something of a curiosity for a saint/mystic.
St. Joan of Arc?
In the late Nineties a lot of young Poles stopped regular churchgoing and the picture there apparently now resembles that of the rest of central and eastern Europe. Churchgoing peaked in Western Europe after WW2, the redecline began during the early 1950s.
According to survey data maintained by Georgetown University, the percentage of adult Catholics who attend Mass at least once per week (self-reported) in Poland is 62%, down only marginally from the 68% level at the time the Soviet Bloc collapsed.
Weekly Mass attendance rates are higher in Poland than those of any other European country except Ireland (still 71%, but down from 85% circa 1990) and Malta (84%). Slovakia (57%) is the only other European country with a comparably high rate.
Curiously, but in line with other surveys and lots of anecdotal evidence, the one European country where Mass attendance has been trending steadily upward for some time is Italy. 48% of adult Italian Catholics now say they attend at least weekly, far more than most Western European countries (except Malta and Ireland), and a significant jump from the 35% reported back in 1980.
To add to Simon's comments, thankfully Jillian is wrong, Mass attendence in Poland is quite high and demographically even, it is not just old people, in fact, in the Univ. City of Krakow man churches are packed up and down the aisles and out the front steps with 20-something students. Of course statistics are not perfect but I had heard that weekly Mass attendence in Poland was something like 75% of Catholics (Catholics being 95% of the population) the 62% number might refer to people who go to Mass every week without fail, thus while on any given sunday 75% of Catholics are in Church, on every given Sunday 62% of the same people are in Church. Also, daily Mass, Rosary, confession, and all traditional devotions are well practiced in Poland. Also it should be pointed out that it is Polish immigrants that are driving up the Mass attendence numbers in the UK.
to Simon, heard that idea on Radio Radonezh, many orthodox fathers talk there. If you search words 'prophcecy' and 'Ninevia' in the net,you will find a biblical story about how prophecy of Jonah was abolished by God who saw that people believed in it and started to repent actively.
Sometimes i think what for to do anything if your fate is to go to hell you will be there no matter what you do, and if we believe that person can change his fate, does that mean that future of person is unknown even to God? Or God can abolish the wrong future. Too confusing for me, better not to think about it.
DJ - It is funny that you would say this. I was attending a college event for my son & ran into a woman from Poland whose daughter was attending school with him. She has been in our country for approx. 5 years for her job. The biggest thing she liked about our country was the fact that no one knew if you went to church on Sunday or not. Apparently, one of the biggest reasons these people are in church is because they have to do so. I would have loved to ask her who cared - the government, your neighbors, etc. Interesting at any rate, but this may why so many people are in those pews.
I was attending a college event for my son & ran into a woman from Poland whose daughter was attending school with him. She has been in our country for approx. 5 years for her job. The biggest thing she liked about our country was the fact that no one knew if you went to church on Sunday or not. Apparently, one of the biggest reasons these people are in church is because they have to do so.
Hmmmm.... the only reason everyone goes is because everyone goes? Sounds a little like Yogi Berra's remark about Coney Island: Nobody goes there anymore because it's too crowded.
FWIW, I went to law school with a Polish guy who constantly said much the same thing, and also fretted about the "excessive" influence of the Church on Polish life etc. After a semester of this, it came out that my classmate's father had been an official of the Polish Communist Party. His anticlericalism was all about protecting his status as part of the privileged elite.
mom4vr61, having lived in Poland I can try to speak to this a little more.
First off though, augmenting Simon's point, if you meet a Pole who has anti-clerical leanings the chances are the parents were active and privleged in the PZPR (Polish United Workers' Party).
As for social pressures to attend Mass. A German friend of mine (who is rather critical of religion) said that in Poland, "All people have is their farm and their Church." I suppose for people in small rural villages where everyone knows everyone, not making it to Mass on Sunday is noticed.
Culture in the small villages is sort of on a plane with "Quiet Man" era Ireland.
In the cities however, Krakow for example has 72 Churches within the old-city (a very compact core area). Most of these churches are huge, most of them have several Masses on Sunday, and are always packed. Frankly I had no clue where the people were comming from to keep filling them!
In the USA we are are used to finding the Catholic Church in an area, figuring out the Mass time, and if we screw up on either of those accounts we aren't gonna make it to Mass.
In Poland, I never even bothered to learn the Mass times of various Churches, Sunday morning I just walked arround and it was always inevitable that I'd find one, it seemed that from 6:00 AM until 1:00 PM there was a Mass starting every-half hour somewhere.
Now with all these options of churches and Mass times, the individual church go-er is anonomous, this is not the tiny village Parish model, so whether one goes to Church or not goes complelty un-noticed, there is no community pressure, and the effect of family/cultural pressure is not the driving force for 20-somethings, bottom line, people in Poland are in Church because they want to be there, they like going to Mass and it is important to them.
As for the gov't in PL, the Law and Justice Party claimed deep loyalty to the Catholic Church, but for almost all of Polish history, going to Church was an act of defiance against Communist, Nazi, or Czarist overlords.
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