In a little while, my family and I will be attending Mass. As Catholics we take the obligation to go to Mass on Sundays and on Holy Days of Obligation very seriously. Catholics are required to go to Mass on these days unless impeded by some serious reason, such as illness, the care of young children, inclement weather that makes travel unsafe, and the like. To miss Mass for trivial reasons or for no reason at all is, objectively speaking, a grave sin for an adult Catholic.
This, of course, has to do with our understanding of what the Mass is, and of Who we receive in the Eucharist. But it also goes back to the Ten Commandments, and specifically the commandment to keep the Lord's day holy. There are many ways we can, and should, honor the day of the Lord--avoiding unnecessary physical labor, unnecessary shopping, and the like, and setting aside at least some part of the day for rest, recreation, interaction with family and friends, and works of mercy and charity.
But all of those things are secondary. The primary way that Christians can keep the Lord's day holy is to participate in public worship. Though our ways of doing this are divided as a result of the sad divisions in Christianity, the principle is the same--we are God's children, and everything we have is His free gift to us, so we want to offer Him praise, thanksgiving, and prayers of petition in which we humbly thank Him for His many blessings, and beg Him to come to our aid in our needs.
America is a nation in which about eighty percent of the population identifies themselves with a religion; a little more than seventy-five percent of this group then identify themselves as Christians. But how many American Christians actually go to some kind of church service on a weekly basis?
Many sources say about forty percent. But there's some dispute as to those numbers, especially since people do tend to exaggerate when talking to pollsters.
Lest anyone think I'm calling for a return to some rosy-hued past, when church bells tolled softly of a Sunday morning as Sunday-clad families walked down pristine sidewalks to the neighborhood houses of worship, I know that the past wasn't always what we'd like to believe it was. This Norman Rockwell Saturday Evening Post cover says it all: American women went to church, and took the kids to Sunday school. American men? Not so much, not even in the past; that cover is from 1959.
But I think that something important is lost when we lose the habit of worship. I think that, culturally speaking, we start to push our faith out to the margins, instead of taking it seriously, when we don't seek regular contact with the rituals of our religion, whatever those may be. The community of believers needs community, after all, and you don't get to the point of community without commitment; random or infrequent church attendance all but guarantees that most of the people gathered together on any given Sunday will be strangers to each other.
God does not need us to worship Him; but perhaps one of the reasons He commands us to do so each Sunday is because He knows how much we need each other--and how easily we can make excuses to remain apart.

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But it also goes back to the Ten Commandments, and specifically the commandment to keep the Lord's day holy.
FWIW, the 10 Commandments (assuming you mean the set that are popularly referred to as such, and not the real set of commandments that are actually called "The 10 Commandments" - see Exodus 34:28) do NOT say "to keep the Lord's day holy." They say to keep the Sabbath Day holy, which is the seventh, not the first, day of the week. The Sabbath has always been the Seventh Day, and that was never changed in the New Testament. The First Day of the Week, however, seems to have acquired the name "The Lord's Day" (see Revelation 1:10 and Acts 20:7) by Christians, and some say that the First Day of the Week fulfills/replaces the Sabbath Day observance for Christians.
Just ... thought ... some ... might ... want ... to ... know.
Trivia is good.
the community part is all just make believe...
Community is expressed by the celebration of the eucharist. We are part of a worldwide communion (community) that we are joined to throught the eucarist, which Pope John Paul II called the life blood of the church... Even if we don't know all of our pew - neighbors. (though that is an added bonus, if possible.)
For what it's worth, Eric W., Sunday is the seventh day in some countries. For instance, I learned in Spanish class that they consider Monday (Lunes) to the be the first day of the week, making Sunday the seventh. Just some trivia.
Barbara C.:
Interesting factoid.
But the Biblical religion from which we get our Jewish/Christian Sabbath counts our Saturday (honoring, of course, that famous Jewish God, Saturn) as Day Seven, so Sunday (honoring, of course, that famous Christian God, the Sun - just ask Constantine) is not a possible contestant or claimant for the title of "Sabbath" for Judeo-Christians.
I love the sound of trivia in the morning. It smells like victory!
My understanding of this is limited, but I believe the above comments have strayed from the essence of the issue.
For Catholics, the decision of which day is to be the day of rest, or the Lord's day, is a matter of ecclesiastical discipline. It's no different than the number of hours that one must fast before receiving Communion. As a quick proof, prior to VII, Saturday evening Masses did not fulfill one's Sunday obligation. Now they do.
We are under no obligation to observe the traditional Jewish Sabbath (Friday night until Saturday night) nor are we bound to observe any particular day. We are free to choose whatever day we wish. Not "we" individually, of course, but we, the Church.
As for Protestants, I imagine they continue to observe Sunday because the Bible mentions in Acts that the early Christians met regularly on the day after the Sabbath, which would be Sunday. Of course, the early Christians also observed the Sabbath, being mostly Jews and Jewish converts, so it's a questionable example.
And of course, there are secondary reasons about why we observe Sunday. It commemorates Our Lord's resurrection. It symbolizes "New Creation". It symbolizes the end of Jewish Temple worship and the institution of the new covenant, fulfilled in Holy Mass. It stamps out (or co-opts, if you like) the pagan pseudo-Jewish "day of rest" which was meant to honor an anonymous monotheistic god, symbolized by the sun, hence Sunday. It's been the unbroken tradition of the Church since apostolic times. And many more...
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