Moralistic Therapeutic Deism: The sequel
Christian Smith, the sociologist who coined the term Moralistic Therapeutic Deism to describe the emerging faith among American teenagers, is out with a new book about the faith lives of young American adults aged 18-29. Here's an interview Smith did...
this isn't too hard to believe at all. you see this same type of thing among "Christians". I put that in quotes because rarely today is anyone simply Christian, they're Catholic, or Protestant, or Presbyterian, or Orthodox, etc.
Because even when they all agree that the Bible is the source of the Truth, their personal feelings on the best way to interpret or follow the book differ. So even when people choose to follow Jesus, they usually choose a path that fits their own personal feelings and beliefs. This MTD stuff is just an extension of that: believing in the idea of God, but choosing a way to acknowledge that which they feel works for them on a personal level.
NPR's On Point had a show with Christian Smith and Greg Epstein which is available via a Podcast. It's worth a listen as it touches on this topic.
The age cohort is very interesting. So is the tentative conclusion concerning parents.
1) Youngsters are more susceptible to conditioning. They are more likely (than adults) to value the authoritative stances of their parents. (Those of you who, like me, have teenagers at home may assume the usual caveats.)
2) The role of ego in the members of the cohort is well stated, but not its role with the parents. St. Andeol puts a finger on the nubbin: It's not the belief system at stake, it's membership in the sect of the parents. While less intense than a complete rejection (i.e. the Baptist's daughter deciding to become a Buddhist, or (worse) a Pagan), there is still copious evidence of tension and conflict when that same child decides that some other sect is better for him or her.
MTD is a worthy topic for our times, and I'm grateful for Rod's keeping it in the limelight here. However, as with any attempt to apply statistics, a good supply of grains of salt are necessary.
;-D
Another part of the problem that Mr. Smith fails to address in his interview is the fact that today's younger set is growing up (as their predecessors did as far back as the late 60s/early 70s) in an atmosphere of deliberately encouraged "tolerance", as well as a lack of seriously enforced standards of conduct.
Indoctrination in this ethos begins with kids' television: "Sesame Street", "Dora" and the like are very big on "inclusion". Since the average American child spends more time in front of the television set than in school, this matters.
The schools, in their turn, also heavily reinforce the notion of the radical equality of almost all behavior (homosexuality, substance abuse, sexual conduct in general) under the guise of "diversity". In practice, this produces such abominations as middle and high school "Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance" clubs at a time in the lives of young people when they most need help in controlling, holding back and sublimating their sexual impulses. Basic discipline also suffers (particularly in urban schools) as any disparity in disciplinary offenses is immediately leapt upon as "racist".
School sports, especially, have gone from emphasizing competition and the development of excellence to "lifetime activities" education.
This foolish notion of "tolerance" also expresses itself in matters such as grading. I am given to understand, for example, that the typical grade in a modern college class is an "A", and getting a "C" or "D" in some classes is virtually unheard of.
The "tolerance" of virtually any form of conduct extends itself to college. If you don't believe me, just pay any college campus a visit on a Friday---or any other day of the week, for that matter. There's a reason why alcoholism has become a major concern of college administrators; institutional legal liability for incidents of such conduct can wreak havoc on a school's bottom line. But heaven forbid that students actually get suspended or expelled for such outrageousness. (Meanwhile, a comment like "nice dress" can get a male student sent to a University Judicial Board for "sexual harassment".)
Given that the typical young American spends the first 21 years or so of his/her life in such a milieu, is it any wonder that young adults suffer from MTD ? They're not simply exposed to it---they've marinated in it, virtually from Day 1.
Your servant,
Lord Karth
I've always felt it to be morally wrong to baptize, and make full members of the Church, children.
The people Jesus converted were adults with the worldly experience to truly understand his message of redemption and salvation. Children, on the other hand, are motivated to be good (in general) and to please their parents, peers, and authority figures -- and that's not a solid foundation for faith or rationale for belief.
Not that I really have a dog in this fight, but I will offer my two cents in any case. I admit being rather new around here, but I've been looking back at some past posts. It seems that the issue of this MTD has been around for a while, and a number of very good posts have been offered on it.
I am wondering if, just perhaps, the rise of MTD parallels the growth of highly politicized conservative Christianity? Could it be that as more and more of the boomer generation "got saved" and began raising their families in the environment of this politically active, generally conservative religion we began to see more and more of the young people looking for something that involved more than a religious commitment to the Republican party, capitalism, and the "big two" issues (pro-life, anti-GLBT)? The emergent church movement makes this claim, to some extent, and seems to be gaining traction with the college-age folk of today.
Just a thought...somewhat based on observations I have made in the lives of my friends over the years, and on some excellent books I have read the last few years. Could MTD be the offspring of the marriage of evangelical Christianity and conservative politics?
There is no God but Therapy, and Oprah is Her Prophet
Lord Karth - I fear on this issue someone has been blowing smoke at you - I can assure you - as someone with two kids and a plethora of nieces and nephews who all recently finished college as well as being someone who hands out those grades - that A's are not handed out with such ease - consider that if this was true every kid would graduate from college with a 4.0 GPA and the entire graduating class would be summa cum laude - this rather obviously doesn't happen.
As for alcohol - yeah even more than drugs this has been a nightmare for college administrators. However - precisely because of the insurance and liability risks and the demands of parents forking out the 40,000 a year - there are quite a few schools that are very tough on this issue - kids get kicked out of the residential system if one of their room mates violates the no alcohol policy - even if said kid was not present when the infraction occurred. I do think that a big issue is that parents need to seriously look at a school's policies in this area before they finance their darlings attendance. And of course - the same parents who want tough standards on this will be the ones who sue the University when they enforce the standard by kicking their darling out. Then we have parents who happily pay serious money to allow their darlings to live in a frat house.
Are there colleges that have bad policies re: alcohol and drug use on campus - of course but it is an exaggeration to claim all colleges are lax in this area. Do some colleges have low standards re: acceptable academic performance? Of course - but it is once again an exaggeration to claim that all schools suffer from low standards.
Let's recognize that parents are ultimately the ones who form character in a child and while it is necessary for those children to find the values taught to them at home reinforced outside the home - the bottom line is that mom and dad have to do their job.
Re: In practice, this produces such abominations as middle and high school "Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance" clubs
Of course. Because God forbid that gay and lesbian young people should get the message that they sereve respect and love as much as anyone else.
hlvanburen,
If your theory held true, then one would expect an explosion of MTD in the African-American community, since -- while it's untrue to say that the African-American church is nothing more than a religious commitment to the Democratic party -- it's equally as true (or rather untrue) to say that the African-American church is nothing more than a religious commitment to the Democratic party than it is true (or rather untrue) to say that the rest of the American church is nothing more than a religious commitment to the Republican party.
In addition to not having a dog in this particular fight, you also (to mix metaphors) seem not to have a leg to stand on when it comes to a subject you clearly don't know very much about.
Lord Karth:
What school have you been to that teaches "equality of behavior" concerning substance abuse? I've never heard of one. Most school teach a very clear abstinence-only message. "Equality of behavior" in sexual conduct in general? Well, I guess some curricula may mention that there are different sexual practices (which is the truth), but abstinence-only sex ed is common (and, by the way, may actually increase incidents of STDs). Homosexuality? Most schools don't teach a word about it, and the school culture makes it pretty hard to be openly gay. GLBT groups in high school are still relatively rare and are usually set up by students on their own initiative.
Yeah, there has been a greater emphasis on "tolerance" in the last forty years. Do you remember why this came about? It was because this country was officially White Supremacist until then, with white males reserving for themselves all positions of wealth and power. So yeah, the idea that we should be tolerant of people with different backgrounds and beliefs is pretty important. Can it be overdone? Sure. But there's no evidence that would justify blaming tolerance for everything that's gone wrong in the culture, from alcoholism to the decline in competitive sports (BTW, alcoholism was much more prevalent in the intolerant 1800's, and competitive sports are thriving).
Might not the attraction of a theory such as yours to people like you be that it lets your cultural group off the hook entirely while blaming all of society's ills on people that you probably don't like anyway, or at least aren't comfortable with? We all have a tendency to like theories like that.
Lord Karth
The schools, in their turn, also heavily reinforce the notion of the radical equality of almost all behavior (homosexuality, substance abuse, sexual conduct in general) under the guise of "diversity".
Tolerance of substance abuse is folded into diversity? Really? It seems that our resident aristocrat has been engaging in a little substance abuse himself. Between SADD, DARE, and any number of other student organizations dedicated to combating everything from alcohol and tobacco to illegal drugs, you couldn't possibly be further from the truth.
Interestingly, while you bring up the social-con bugbear of homosexuality (more than once), you actually leave out the far, far more common objects of diversity programs: preventing discrimination and prejudice based on race, ethnicity, gender and religion.
One may argue over the effectiveness of such programs. But the wholesale assault on "diversity" in general (under the guise of merely creating false equivalences between homosexuals and drug addicts) would seem to indicate a belief that schools would be better off if they were homogeneous in terms of the other factors as well; in other words, segregated.
In practice, this produces such abominations as middle and high school "Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance" clubs at a time in the lives of young people when they most need help in controlling, holding back and sublimating their sexual impulses.
And yet again, we see the social-con presumption that orientation automatically implies sexual activity.
Never mind that major churches themselves state that a homosexual orientation does not preclude chastity (indeed, it's the central point in their argument against marriage).
Social-cons cannot bring themselves to give up the myth that sexual orientation implies morality. They cannot bring themselves to admit that a gay man might be more (or less) moral than a straight woman, that the orientation, like the gender or race or whatever, is irrelevant to whether or not a person acts morally and ethically. It's the same old attitude that the only immoral acts in America are killing babies and being gay. Everything else is just peachy!
In their minds, gays are all evil, and as soon as you cross that line out of heterosexuality, it's nothing but orgies and sex parties (and all of it drug-fueled based on the false equivalence mentioned above). My teenaged self might well lament, "Would that it were so!" although my adult self is very glad that it isn't.
Never mind that middle and high school is precisely when sexuality is being explored, and moreover that it always has been so: what are those '50s beach party movies with Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon if not explorations of teenage sexuality?
But in Lord Karth's mind, and that of the social-con in general, sexuality is nothing but intercourse. And so, of course any discussion or exploration of orientation necessarily means jumping in the sack.
The critical point (the one social-cons continually elide, either through mental defect or deliberate obfuscation) is this (and I'll put it in bold to make it blisteringly obvious): orientation is not behavior.
Geoff G.,
Thanks for pointing out all the work that the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance has done and is doing to discourage homosex.
Regardless of whether one approves or disapproves of that work, it's at least edifying to learn that -- contrary to common belief -- the discouragement of homosex is one of this group's goals.
Re: Thanks for pointing out all the work that the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance has done and is doing to discourage homosex.
Huh?
Why should they discourage homosex, in general? The responsible thing to say to gay teenagers, as with straight ones, would be to say, "we encourage you not to have sex until you are both a) an adult b) in some kind of loving, committed relationship." That doesn't equate to saying "homosex (what an ugly term, for what it's worth) is bad".
Karth, I was a bit surprised with your post, having learned to expect coherent and cogent commentary from you (despite our very low incidence of agreement).
I do offer you and those of like mind some acknowledgment: this is nothing if it is not a very subjective thing, being a matter of beliefs and faith. We all struggle with these issues, especially those of us with children.
I submit that the primary issue here is a matter of coercion and assumption: Do we (general, especially parents) validly expect our children to accept our personal spiritualities, without question, without thought? Answer that, and pay attention to the seeming lipservice given to the notion of free will. If you raise your child in your spiritual tradition, and that child makes a personal choice to seek a different path, what right do you have to judge that child, let alone chastise him or her? Is it God that drives you to be angry or sad over the child's choice, or is it your ego?
Hector,
I'm not saying homosex ought to be discouraged or that it ought to be encouraged.
I'm merely expressing surprise at Geoff G.'s claim that the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Straight Alliance doesn't encourage and/or that it discourages homosex -- homosex as distinct from homosexuality, homosexual behavior as opposed to homosexual orientation.
I'm merely expressing surprise at Geff G.'s claim tht the GLBTSA is the place to turn if, say, one is a teenage Roman Catholic girl sexually attracted to other girls who wants support for her decision not to sleep with other girls, or if, say, one is a teenage African Methodist Episcopal boy sexually attracted to other boys who wants support for his decision not to sleep with other boys.
I'm merely thanking Geoff G. for letting us know that the GLBTSA is a "safe space" for homosexual kids who choose not to engage in homosex on the basis of certain kinds of Christian belief to get support for that decision in a venue where they will be loved and affirmed for who they are -- traditionalist Christians as well as homosexuals.
I used the term homosex -- which is neither ugly nor beautiful to me but rather aesthetically and morally neutral -- merely to distinguish one kind of sex from another kind of sex -- i.e. heterosex.
First of all, everyone's so young, or they'd remember that MTD was the state church during the Eisenhower administration, they just didn't call it that. It was in the name of MTD that "under God" was put in the pledge of allegiance.
Second, I think that people with homosexual problems get more love in the local church than in the frat house as it is! The best option for them is to marry someone of the opposite sex; second is celibacy. BTW marrying someone of the opposite sex isn't all that problematic; you only marry one of them, so it's not a matter of learning to be "attracted" to the whole lot! There's a miscommunication here. I think they hear us saying they should become "straight," which in the world's eyes means become like Tucker Max. And most good Christians would say to that, like, no way is that what we had in mind!
I created a great video on utube about my deistic beliefs. Check it out. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16BbYc2vGmo
Hector, @ 9:30 PM, writes:
“The responsible thing to say to gay teenagers, as with straight ones, would be to say, "we encourage you not to have sex until you are both a) an adult b) in some kind of loving, committed relationship." That doesn't equate to saying "homosex (what an ugly term, for what it's worth) is bad".
Exactly. I realize that there is something of a genetic component to homosexuality, the same way as there is a genetic component impelling some people to other unusually risky behaviors. But this is where self-control and self-discipline need reinforcement the most, especially at a time of life where physical changes render that self-control harder to attain. THIS is where the abomination lies; in that deliberate encouragement of—if not active advertising for—such behavior. The same sort of criticism would apply if the schools established Tobacco Appreciation Societies, or held wine-tasting seminars for students.
And this is what our schools utterly fail to achieve with the provision of such organizations.
Franklin Evans @ 9:05 AM writes:
“Do we (general, especially parents) validly expect our children to accept our personal spiritualities, without question, without thought? Answer that, and pay attention to the seeming lipservice given to the notion of free will. If you raise your child in your spiritual tradition, and that child makes a personal choice to seek a different path, what right do you have to judge that child, let alone chastise him or her?”
I believe the expression you’re looking for is this: “Train a child up in the way he should go, that when he is grown he will not depart from it.”.
What you’re asking is, essentially, what right parents have to direct the religious and ethical upbringing of their children. A child, almost by definition, is someone that is incapable of making such decisions by themselves. They neither have the personal experience, physical growth or psychological development to do so. Therefore, especially at the younger ages, it is not only entirely appropriate for parents to exercise such responsibilities, but indeed is required. To fail to do so constitutes parental dereliction of duty.
One may also assume that a parent, in raising a child, will raise that child in a spiritual tradition in which the parent actually believes; the tenets of which are not simply true, but Truth. Otherwise, why bother ? The effort involved in doing a proper job of it is humbling, and potentially costly in terms of both time and resources. Having done so, as a parent, one might reasonably expect that the child will follow in the parent’s spiritual footsteps, so to speak. For example: A Catholic parent who believes in his or her faith will send his or her child to CCD or Catholic school when they live in his/her house. That parent will almost certainly be disappointed and upset if the child decides to become a Hindu. It is by that right, having assumed the obligation of raising the child, and by the obligation of acknowledging and transmitting the Truth that inheres in belonging to a religious faith, that a parent may judge and reprove that child. The parent cannot coerce the adult child physically, for any of several very obvious reasons, but certainly the parent can and should remonstrate with that child in the way his or her faith permits.
Cecelia @ 4:47 PM writes:
“I can assure you - as someone with two kids and a plethora of nieces and nephews who all recently finished college as well as being someone who hands out those grades - that A's are not handed out with such ease - consider that if this was true every kid would graduate from college with a 4.0 GPA and the entire graduating class would be summa cum laude - this rather obviously doesn't happen.”
I seem to recall a study done of Harvard undergraduates a few years back that indicated that the most common grade received was an A or A-minus. I also have several current college students as clients (in both the SUNY systems and at Syracuse University) who can confirm this, in “real time”, so to speak.
Cecelia further writes:
“Do some colleges have low standards re: acceptable academic performance? Of course - but it is once again an exaggeration to claim that all schools suffer from low standards.”
I will stipulate this up to a point: any college or university that has classes in “Remedial English”, “Remedial Math” or “Remedial Anything Else” suffers from low standards by definition. Any institution that accepts students requiring such remediation is committing not only educational malpractice, but consumer fraud, and probably has no good business styling itself as an “institution of higher learning”.
Your servant,
Lord Karth
Well taken, Karth. However, I don't see an explicit acknowledgment of my free will point: While I stand firmly with you in imparting on our children the ethical components of real life, and while there is some valid and important overlap with spirituality, it still begs the question: I've witnessed Catholic parents ostracizing their older or adult children for choosing to join a Protestant congregation.
That is the foundation for my challenging question. I stipulate that the child choosing a non-Christian path carries additional aspects, but the core principle is, for me, the same.
It is proper for a parent to phrase the teaching as "This is Truth", but at some point -- readily defined for the age and intellectual maturity of the child -- another phrase is often missing: "And this is why." If the "why" is merely a restatement of "Truth", if fails completely in the realm of free will.
Re: education -- I submit that we need to address the failures of college preparatory programs, both public and private, when mentioning the existence of remedial courses in colleges. For many of them, it's a simple matter of necessity.
Franklin Evans @ 4:33 PM writes:
"However, I don't see an explicit acknowledgment of my free will point: While I stand firmly with you in imparting on our children the ethical components of real life, and while there is some valid and important overlap with spirituality, it still begs the question: I've witnessed Catholic parents ostracizing their older or adult children for choosing to join a Protestant congregation."
Of course the child has free will; didn't my hypothetical assume that the child chose to become a member of a different faith ? It's simply that the parent hoped that the child would exercise that free will---that trained free will, the better term might be---and actually be confirmed as a member of the Catholic Church.
I've no doubt you've witnessed that sort of ostracism. The question becomes, in that case, whether the said ostracism actually persuaded the child to return to the Catholic faith. If the answer is "no", then the free-will part of your scenario should be something close to a given. (I say "something close to" a given because it is seldom wise to assume complete knowledge of all of any individual Human's motivations, particularly in matters of faith.)
Your servant,
Lord Karth
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