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Measuring Poverty (by Rosemary Du Mont)

In January of 1964, President Johnson declared "unconditional war on poverty in America." In response, the Census Bureau created a methodology for establishing an "official poverty line," determined the number of people whose incomes fell below the line, and calculated the poverty rate.  The formula for determining poverty was based on the assumption that food costs consume one-third of a family's after-tax income -- an assumption that is still used today, though food now constitutes closer to a seventh of family income. The resulting calculation means that a family of four is considered poor if total income is $21,200 or less. Except for adjustments to reflect inflation, this calculation has remained unchanged for more than 25 years.

At a recent hearing of the House Subcommittee on Income Security and Family Support, experts testified that the food measure fails to consider other necessities of contemporary life, such as housing, transportation, health care, child care, and other expenses that have become essentials of modern life. They called on Congress to modernize its method for calculating poverty. One expert at the hearing stated: "If we want to solve the poverty challenge, step one is to get our heads around the true scope, dimension, and dynamics of the problem."

Both political candidates for president have made poverty part of their political agenda. Sen. McCain promised to make the eradication of poverty a top administration priority in his April 2008 statement. Sen. Obama co-sponsored the Global Poverty Act, which calls on the president to develop a comprehensive agenda to cut extreme global poverty in half by 2015. He has also endorsed the need for a new poverty measure that more accurately reflects the costs of living and the economic pressures on American families.

Whatever your political point of view, a key issue to consider in any election is the issue of poverty. Sojourners is using the '08 election cycle to focus specifically on the issue of poverty.  Poor people play a central role in the parables told by Jesus. As people of faith, we must not forget the poor in our midst.

Rosemary Du MontRosemary Du Mont is a participant in Sojourners' Windchangers grassroots organizing pilot project in Ohio, which works on the Vote Out Poverty Campaign. She lives in Cleveland.  

 

Comments

i don.t think we should force our religious views on others. roger

January of '64 to August of '08....that's 48 years now, that the government has been waging the "War on Poverty" and still, we are told there has been no improvement. Talk about a quagmire!!!

Everyone in the US has the opportunity to work. Unemployment in my area of the country has been between 3 and 5% for the last 10 years. A $21K poverty line means anyone making less than $10 per hour is considered poor. I am going to guess that anyone with a high school education has the ability to make more than $10 per hour. With college the number probably doubles. So who are these folks? High school education is free in the US and pell grants and student loans are an ease to get for college. Do you see where I am going? Education is the key. Freiman wrote in Conservative Outcomes that freedom+religion+capitalism+education=success! We must insist that our young people take advantage of there education opportunities. www.conservativeoutcomes.com

Freiman wrote in Conservative Outcomes that freedom+religion+capitalism+education=success! We must insist that our young people take advantage of there education opportunities.

Not so fast. First, you have to have the hope that there is a way out. Then you need support from family and/or community. Then (especially if you're a "person of color"), you have to have attitudes changed and barriers removed by people in authority who are willing to give an opportunity in the first place.

The reality is that (and I say this as someone who grew up in the 1970s) I simply didn't have the same opportunities as someone who grew up in the suburbs just because I lived in the city -- and there are reasons for that. There is somewhat of a hypocrisy I detect about (mostly) suburbanites telling city folks how they ought to live but doing nothing to offer the same advantages they had.

January of '64 to August of '08....that's 48 years now, that the government has been waging the "War on Poverty" and still, we are told there has been no improvement.

Because, in 1980, it morphed into a "war on the poor."

Rosemary's thoughtful piece resulted in two totally irrelevant posts that I wish the moderator would remove (esp. the all-caps tantrum) followed by three with all the usual conservative platitudes. So here goes:

"that's 48 years now, that the government has been waging the "War on Poverty""

It was fought for about two years at most when LBJ decided to cut funding for it in order to pay for another war that was disastrous.

"and still, we are told there has been no improvement"

The so-called war on poverty should not have been expected to wipe out poverty. No government program can do that. But there have been improvements in the lives of many families who were helped by the programs. Most people who go on welfare stay on only for a short time, and without that assistance likely would fall into deep poverty. so yes, there have been improvements.

"Everyone in the US has the opportunity to work."

Would that it were so. That's pretty much what we liberals want--for every able-bodied adult to have the OPPORTUNITY to work at a job that can help them get out of poverty. In some places there are no jobs; for some people their skills levels are too low to get a meaningful job. Those are the problems we should all be working on.

"I am going to guess that anyone with a high school education has the ability to make more than $10 per hour."

Nonsense. If so, why would heads of households be working at McDonalds? Vow of poverty?

"pell grants and student loans are an ease to get for college."

Pell grants only cover about 30 percent of the costs of college. Student loans have higher interest rates than ever. Tell your conservative congressfolk to stop blocking student aid reform.

"If we would take some of the constrains that we have on business - we might be able to get more people employed."

No matter how many business tax cuts my state gives, folks like you keep repeating this like a broken record. Well, the Bush Administration as I write is trying to ease the contraints of employers exposing their workers to toxins. Hope that makes you feel better. Real heroic, huh? That oughta creat more (toxic) jobs.

"If we could make it a sliding scale for people to go from total dependancy to independancy - more might be able to navigate those waters."

No problem, that's being taken care of in the welfare system. Google "earned income disregard" and "TANF" to learn how things work.

"We need to keep that lawyers out of this process"

Glad you didn't forget to beat that bogeyman. But you forgot to bash immigrants.

Rick, I am going to commend a book to you. You should go to your library and check out, "The Millionaire Mind" by Thomas J. Stanley. It is basically research data from a college professor who studies American millionaires. I think it would open your eyes in lot of ways. (For instance, only a very small minority of millionaires inherited their wealth, many grew up in bad situations and many had little or no formal education.)

I also want to encourage you to let go of your bitterness. I have no doubt that you've faced enormous obstacles, probably far greater than any I have faced. But spend some time studying people like Hellen Keller, a blind deaf mute and a literary giant. Read about successful men and women who overcame seemingly impossible odds and be encouraged that you can do the same.

But all in all, keep in mind that there is no fixed price for good ideas. Also, as Zig Ziglar says, "You can have anything you want in life, if you will just help enough other people get what they want." That's the genius of capitalism: You are rewarded for serving others and meeting the needs of others. The more needs you meet, the more you are rewarded. The more people you help, the more you are rewarded. (And consequently, the more you are rewarded, the more people you can help!)

I also want to encourage you to let go of your bitterness. I have no doubt that you've faced enormous obstacles, probably far greater than any I have faced.

Actually, I'm not bitter in the least. That said, I do not at all appreciate your smug, know-it-all, patronizing attitude, which has nothing to do with past hurts (which I personally don't have that many of). However, my desire for reconciliation is so strong I react passionately to anyone that comes up against it. If you attended my church for any length of time you'd change your tune in a hurry because many of my fellow parishioners have personally experienced what I'm talking about, more so than I.

McCain and Obama give lip service to ending priority, but the record is clear on their real priorities. Both have consistently supported spending over half of the discretionary budget on wars and preparations for wars. And both have campaign position calling for an increase in military spending and an increase in the size of the active duty military forces.

The duopoly candidates are committed to war on people as their first and main priority. Don't count on them for a war on poverty as other than killing poor people. There will be a lot of that under either one.

"Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed."
Dwight David Eisenhower (1890 - 1969)
Source: Address 'The Chance for Peace,' April 16, 1953

If you favor ending poverty rather than ending people's lives, vote for a third party or independent candidate.

Rick, I sincerely did not intend that as being smug. After reading it again, I can see how it came across that way. As for the "bitterness" comment, I was referring to this statement by you: "I simply didn't have the same opportunities as someone who grew up in the suburbs just because I lived in the city -- and there are reasons for that. There is somewhat of a hypocrisy I detect about (mostly) suburbanites telling city folks how they ought to live but doing nothing to offer the same advantages they had."

I mentioned the book because there seems to be a belief that the wealthy live this fantasy, movie star lifestyle, they live a life of ease and everything they have was handed to them. The book was an encouragement to me and I thought you might benefit from it as well.

Just curious though, could you define what you mean when you refer to you "desire for reconciliation?" What (and/whom) needs to be reconciled and in what fashion should it be done?

I mentioned the book because there seems to be a belief that the wealthy live this fantasy, movie star lifestyle, they live a life of ease and everything they have was handed to them.

No one will begrudge the wealthy their due. One of my prayer partners at church is a top-flight lawyer who lives in the richest part of town, and I have told him, "I don't have what you have and I don't want what you have" -- which is true. However, there does appear to be an attitude among wealthy conservatives that they are entitled to what they get, and that creates an atmosphere of resentment when someone of a "lower class" asks about similar opportunities because it will require more than they intend to give. They're the ones that jimmy the political system to take from the poor just so that they can have more -- and I find that morally repugnant (and, if you believe the Prophets, so does God).

What (and/whom) needs to be reconciled and in what fashion should it be done?

Rich/poor, black/white, male/female, to give some examples -- and that's done by worshipping together and communicating each side's aspirations, desires and needs. I've felt for years that the political right has tried to dictate to everyone how things should go and gets mad at (and, in extreme cases, tries to silence) those voices who simply will not go along with their agenda. That's why Jim Wallis gets a ton of crap even though (I believe) his message is Biblical.

When you say that Conservatives tend to think that they are "entitled to what they get" it is somewhat confusing.

Do I believe I am "entitled" to get something for nothing? Absolutely not.

However, when I bid a job and a customer gives me specifications to be met and I offer a price and we both agree on the terms, do I then believe that I am "entitled" to the payment I've earned upon completion of the work? Absolutely!

In the same way, the customer is "entitled" to receive the service and specifications that I agreed to give. (Although I always try to give more, because I want to have repeat customers and referrals.) Neither of us is "greedy" or has an "entitlement" attitude, although we both are entitled to something, the customer to a product or service and me to payment.

Although I am not rich, my business takes me into circles with wealthy people (both Conservative and Liberal) and I can honestly say that I have NEVER heard, either in public or private settings, a single wealthy person complain about ANYONE from ANY CLASS asking about "similar opportunities" as they have had.

However, I know of MANY wealthy people who have taken people from lower classes under their wing and invested time with them, taught them, given them books to read, helped them with financial emergencies, introduced them to new opportunities and contacts, taken them to lunch and coffee and taught them everything they know. I have experienced that personally and I see it happening all around me.


Do I believe I am "entitled" to get something for nothing?

What conservatives feel "entitled" to is to have their views accepted as gospel and themselves at the top of the heap always calling the shots, never mind how that affects everyone else. For that reason they regularly call the news media -- my industry -- as "biased" even though we play it straight and denounce calls for social justice as mere "economic redistribution," the same charge that was made about the dismantling of apartheid in South Africa. That's why the complaint that liberals take from the rich and give to the poor is a bunch of bunk.

Although I am not rich, my business takes me into circles with wealthy people (both Conservative and Liberal) and I can honestly say that I have NEVER heard, either in public or private settings, a single wealthy person complain about ANYONE from ANY CLASS asking about "similar opportunities" as they have had.

You thus have not been with many African-Americans, most of which (even in the middle-class) have needed special help in order to get where they are. You see, "affirmative action," which the right despises because of the "entitlement" attitude I referred to earlier, is primarily about contacts that white folks has a whole do not need because they already knew the right people -- blacks generally were never part of the "network."

Rick,
We Conservatives fight passionately, not because we believe that we are "entitled" to "call the shots." Quite the contrary, we do not want to call the shots for anyone.

It is your side that is determined to "call the shots" for everyone. We have the perspective of history to see what happens when Marxist ideas make there way into the government.

Under the guise of "helping the lower classes" they impose bondage and slavery on the entire population. Germany, The Soviet Union, North Vietnam, Laos, North Korea, China, everywhere that we have seen the WORST human rights abuses, the greatest misery among the people, the most depressing poverty, the most hopelessnes among the poorest of the poor, all of this occurs, not under capitalism, but under precisely what the left is proposing for this country as "progressive" ideas. Redistribution of wealth, planned economy, elimination of private property, none of this is new. It began long ago and was stated clearly in 1848 in The Communist Manifesto. There's nothing "new" or "progressive" about "change" when it amounts to "changing back" to the failed system that murdered more than 100 million innocent people in the last century, not including the many who perished of starvation as a result of the economic mess that it created!

You seem determined to show your ignorance by pretending to know me and lecturing me according to your carricature of me. You don't think I've been around many "African-Americans" (I can tell you that term is offensive to blacks whose ancestry is NOT African.) To be quite honest, the town I grew up in is a small Southern town where the population is slightly over 80% black. The community where I live now is about 45% black, so once again, your assumption is dead wrong. I am happy to debate you on issues, but when you continually make this personal by throwing out your ignorant assumptions about my life experiences, you show yourself a fool.

Furthermore, how pompous and arrogant you are and condescending to successful blacks! How dare you belittle the accomplishments of the many successful blacks in this country! I don't know whether you are black or white or what race you may be, but I can tell you that your attitude disgusts me. I am sickened that you, for the purposes of advancing your political agenda, would disregard the successes of hard-working blacks. Their lifetime of achievements brushed aside and called nothing, their struggles and tears overlooked so that you can say they didn't really accomplish anything, the white people gave it to them. You should be ashamed!!

Ms. Du Mont brings up one of the cazillion reasons why the poverty line is flawed. It should just be scrapped. There are better ways to measure poverty.

The poverty line was born as a political animal and it's going to only get worse. As the welfare of our country continues to improve over the generations, politicians (especially liberal politicians) need to have something to point to in order to justify their expansion of the nanny state.

We Conservatives fight passionately, not because we believe that we are "entitled" to "call the shots." Quite the contrary, we do not want to call the shots for anyone.

Then why do you protest so much on this particular blog? Please -- that's what the movement born in the 1950s and began taking over the GOP in the 1960s intended to do from the start.

We have the perspective of history to see what happens when Marxist ideas make there way into the government.

Be advised that calling ideas that differ from yours "Marxist" is itself an ignorant insult and does not advance your viewpoint. The very same charge was made about Martin Luther King Jr., and many conservative whites hate him to this day -- as did Ronald Reagan, who said some inappropriate things upon his assassination.

You don't think I've been around many "African-Americans" (I can tell you that term is offensive to blacks whose ancestry is NOT African.) To be quite honest, the town I grew up in is a small Southern town where the population is slightly over 80% black.

That doesn't impress me in the least -- my family on both sides has Southern roots, and my mother and paternal grandparents even moved here to get away from the degradation that took place on a daily basis in that part of the country.

Furthermore, how pompous and arrogant you are and condescending to successful blacks! How dare you belittle the accomplishments of the many successful blacks in this country! I don't know whether you are black or white or what race you may be, but I can tell you that your attitude disgusts me.

Truth be told, I am myself African-American and a fairly conservative evangelical at that, and I can tell that your attitude disgusts most of us, not to mention the conservative white pastor of my interracial evangelical church which ministers extensively to the poor in my city. FYI, there isn't a single successful black man or woman that has made it without some kind of help, and for that reason the vast majority of us who do "make it" feel the obligation to give back and help others.

My late stepfather, who would have thrown you out on your ear had he heard you make those kind of comments, retired as the dean of the school of education at my college alma mater right before he married my mother; once he succinctly summed up the "conservative" way of doing things: "I got mine; you have yours to get!" He did quite well for himself -- eight college degrees, including two Ph.D's -- but refused to lord his position over others; he used his contacts and savvy to help plenty of other folks along in their lives. So I think I know a few things about "successful blacks."

"FYI, there isn't a single successful black man or woman that has made it without some kind of help, and for that reason the vast majority of us who do "make it" feel the obligation to give back and help others."

Wow. That statement is what we grown-ups call patronizing. Not one African American has succeeded without help or charity? That statement has taken "societal victimization" to another level.

Not one African American has succeeded without help or charity?

No, not one -- and for that matter, neither did you or anyone else. At least we have the humility to understand and accept that, and it's time for conservatives to admit that they, too, had all kinds of help to get where they are. Who got you your first job? College scholarships? The capital to start a business? I mean, do you really think it was all about you and your talents? C'mon, someone had to believe in what you were doing and point you in the right direction.

Rick,
Please be assured that I do not call ideas "Marxist" simply because they differ from mine. I call them Marxist because they are the same ideas put forth by Karl Marx. You may have heard of him, "From each, according to his ability, to each, according to his need." or "Abolish all private property."

Rick, if you simply replace "poor" and "rich" with "proletariat" and "bourgeoise" many of the comments on this blog would be nearly direct quotes! I use the term "Marxist," not because it sounds like a harsh word, but because it is accurately descriptive (of or relating to Marx.)

I've read a lot of comments on this blog bemoaning the "lack of self-esteem" and "emotional distress" of the poor. Did you ever consider that it's because people like you tell them over and over how bad off they are, how they don't have a chance, there are too many obstacles, their only hope is salvation from Washington in the form of a small welfare check?

I come from humble beginnings, but thank God I had a mentor to tell me to suck it up and quit feeling sorry for myself. He told me that I was right where I truly wanted to be. He told me that no one was going to bail me out. I had a wife and young children, no money, bills piling up and he told me that he could write me a check and give me a comfortable salary, but it wouldn't do me any good, I'd find a way to blow it and I wouldn't feel like I had earned it. Instead, he put me on commission and told me I'd "eat what I killed." I couldn't see it at the time, but he was right. I thought I was going to lose everything I had before things turned around, but instead, I earned a great education in hard work.

As for "lack of opportunity," Thomas Edison said, "Most folks miss opportunity because it's dressed in overalls and looks like work."

Please be assured that I do not call ideas "Marxist" simply because they differ from mine. I call them Marxist because they are the same ideas put forth by Karl Marx. You may have heard of him, "From each, according to his ability, to each, according to his need." or "Abolish all private property."

That, however, does not summarize the views of us "non-conservatives," as much as you would like to believe that's the case, and it is simply slanderous for you to insist that's the case. Besides, Marx noted that the political system was rigged to favor the wealthy, and during those days in Europe the church was heavily involved as well in affairs of state, which is why he concluded that "religion [was] the opiate of the masses." He was ultimately wrong in his conclusions but made some good points in the process -- even Martin Luther King Jr., who was strongly anti-Marxist, nevertheless admitted as such (and ironically, he was consistently called a Communist for supporting equality). Going further, if you read the Prophets -- my pastor preached through the entire book of Isaiah in 1999-2000 -- in context you would also call them Marxists because they raised the very same issues!

Did you ever consider that it's because people like you tell them over and over how bad off they are, how they don't have a chance, there are too many obstacles, their only hope is salvation from Washington in the form of a small welfare check?

I don't have to tell them -- they live that every day and they will tell you if you bother to listen -- but libertarians/conservatives rarely, if ever, do. See, you assume that it's we "liberal do-gooders" who make the poor aware of their plight and create resentment in the process; however, all they need to do is to go downtown during rush hour, turn on the TV or read the newspaper to remember how alienated they are from what we consider the "mainstream." And as for lack of opportunities, I'm a journalist by trade and covered many of the bedroom communities in my area, and I have seen first-hand what suburbanites have access to in comparison to folks in the city.

Rick, I almost forgot one: Who is it that just banned trans fats in California?!?!

Who in their sane mind thinks that having the government dictate what we can and cannot eat is a good idea!?!?!?

Rick, now you're calling me segregationist? What the heck?

I'm not saying that per se, but that's where your statements are taking you. Again, we're talking not really about the smokescreen of "economic redistribution" but power and authority -- because segregationists (who were undeniably conservative by your or anyone else's definition) knew they would no longer be in complete control were Jim Crow eradicated. As you said you lived in the South, I would expect that you would understand that; Southerners understand their history.

But when you want to have a real discussion of who wants to "call the shots" for everyone else:

I was specifically referring to folks who wanted their way at the expense of everyone else. None of those items on the list you rattled off is remotely about that -- they were implemented for the the good of society in general, also called justice -- which in my experience is a foreign concept to most conservative ideologues but very much a theme on this particular blog and very, very Scriptural. This is where and why conservatism/libertarianism is not compatible with the essential tenets of the historic Christian faith -- it got corrupted during the Protestant Reformation, which was as much about power politics as anything else.

Since this is a public blog I'm going to intrude on your conversation a moment here.

"Who is it that wants to require everyone to wear a seatbelt in their car?"

Insurance companies. The seat belt bills originated with them.

"Who is it that wants to require a helment on their motorcycle?"

Again, the insurance companies.

"Who is it that wants to tell people that they can't smoke?"

Nobody. But many health officials have come out in support of laws that protect non-smokers and children from second-hand smoke, including that "radical leftist C. Everett Koop.

"Who is it that wants to tell everyone what kind of car they must drive..."

Nobody.

"...and what kind of gas mileage it must get?"

Your vehicle's gas mileage and emissions are not just an "individual right." As long as oil is a part of our foreign policy, this issue affects our national security.

"Who is it that wants to dictate what people are allowed (or not allowed) to do with their property?"

I'm sure even the elitist Rush Limbaugh favors some restrictions on what his neighbors can do with their property.

"Who is it that wants to prevent parents from educating their children at home or sending them to private school?"

Nobody wants to prevent parents from sending their children to private school. They just don't want public-school dollars to pay for it.

"Who is it that wants to determine what is an "acceptable" profit margin for private businesses and tax them on anything above that?"

Oh, just pay your taxes and stop whining.

"Who is it that wants to require me to fund "social programs" that do not work and that I believe are immoral for the damage they do to the ones they supposedly "help"?"

The same ones who want you to pay for the roads that you drive on with your heavy trucks, or the war that is being fought in your name. But those social programs do work--at least much better than this war and much cheaper.

"Who is it that wants to tell me what kind of light bulbs I can use?"

Nobody.

"Who is it that wants censor the airwaves?"

Conservatives, who want to make sure that 'wardrobe malfunctions' don't happen again.

i guess UN is doing a great job n m supporting it ....
poverty is the reason of lack of opportunity... they do have enough capability but lack of opportunity to rise...
I am voluntarily working with the United Nations on its Millennium Development Goals.
if thr any ways u can contribute thn plz let me knw
thanks.

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