The New Christians

The Pragmatics of Belief in Hell (Keith DeRose)

Monday December 29, 2008

Categories: Theology
I'm Keith DeRose. I'm a philosopher who blogs a bit on the side. Rather than giving any more introduction to myself here, I'll just send those who are interested in reading about me to my web page, where I have a good deal of information posted, including links to some of my previous blog posts.

Tony thought it would be interesting for me to post some of my thoughts about the pragmatics of believing in what we might as well call traditional Christian doctrines of hell, so that's what I'll be doing in the next few days. I should say right upfront that I have little idea of what Tony thinks about such matters, or even whether he has very specific views here. I'll just be speaking for myself here.

By the "pragmatics" of the belief, I mean the effects of holding the belief -- what holding such a belief can do to and through the one who holds it.  So I don't foresee myself discussing whether such a belief is true, or discussing Scriptural grounds for and against such a doctrine in this series of posts. I've engaged in such discussions in the past, and no doubt will again in the future. And I suspect I'll have occasion in this series of posts to refer to some of my past engagements in the debate over the truth of such doctrines, as background for the current discussion, which, again, will be about the pragmatics of the belief.

Why even bother with the pragmatics of hell? I'll take that up in a subsequent post.  (Sorry for the teaser.) But to hopefully forestall certain misguided comments: My current focus on the pragmatics of the belief is not due to any general neglect on my part of the issue of the truth of such a doctrine and the Scriptural case for and against it. In fact, I've engaged in scriptural investigaions/discussions/debates of such issues quite extensively in the past, and this will be one of very few times that I've ever gotten around to writing anything about the pragmatics of the issue. It's just that this seems to be the time to finally write out some of my thoughts about the pragmatics of hell. And, again, I hope to have some things to say about why the pragmatics are important.

For those interested in an on-line discussion of the Scriptural case for and against traditional doctrines of hell: I have a reference for you.  This summer, Real Live Preacher announced that he would be taking careful critical Scriptural look at the traditional doctrine of hell, and asked for e-mail input from readers concerning what the relevant texts were, especially any that support the traditional doctrine. That was in this post, which includes a description of what he meant by the "traditional doctrine" -- which is basically how I use that phrase, too. (I was one of the many who wrote him, suggesting what I took to be by far the strongest text for the support of key elements of the traditional doctrine.) He reported the results of his study in a series of video posts in October here, here, here, and here. I certainly don't endorse everything RLP had to say -- in certain ways, I think the case for the traditional doctrine can be made more convincing than is the way he construes it. But I thought it was a very nice study, and well worth recommending.
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Comments
Keith DeRose
December 29, 2008 3:30 PM
http://pantheon.yale.edu/~kd47

Hey Virgil: I mean to be referring to basically the same thing that "Real Live Preacher" means by the phrase. What I'm using the phrase to denote are views according to which those consigned to hell suffer eternal torment -- so there's a commitment to endless duration and to the nature or character of hell being nasty enough to make the term "torment" fitting -- and according to which those who are consigned to hell are those sinners who do not accept Christ by the time of their death. Different versions of the doctrine can have different ideas of what's involved in saving "acceptance." And we can make room for different ideas about some exceptions concerning who is sent to hell -- like, for instance, those who die very young, those who don't have the mental capacity to meet the acceptance condition, etc. For my current purpose -- discussing the "pragmatics" of such a belief -- such details are often unimportant, because they often have little impact on the effects of the belief. Of course, not all Christians have held such a doctrine, but enough have to make the label "traditional" at least arguably fitting.

Steve Pankey
December 29, 2008 5:39 PM
http://spankeysblog.blogspot.com

Thank you Keith for taking this on. I'm currently working through the theology (and quite necessarily the pragmatics) of soft universalism, and the conversation around hell will no doubt be of use to me. AS an Episcopalian, I'm looking forward to, sorry Tony, something other than sex defining the conversation.

Albert the Abstainer
December 29, 2008 11:45 PM

It seems to me that the only argument in favour of this is fear of hell provides a goad to follow the rules. It may be that this has some applicability for those who are at the beginning of the journey, but later it becomes a problem for those who think about what it says about the God of their religion. The promise of heaven is also useful and problematic for precisely the same reasons.

Personally, I think the utility of heaven and hell are offset by the problems that result from them. I will close with a favourite quote attributed to the Sufi mystic Rabia:

"O Allah! If I worship You for fear of Hell, burn me in Hell,
and if I worship You in hope of Paradise, exclude me from Paradise.
But if I worship You for Your Own sake,
grudge me not Your everlasting Beauty.”

If God exists, then the one worthy motive is to seek God for God alone and nothing else. If God does not exist, heaven and hell become the tools by which people can be manipulated for good or bad by charismatic speakers. In either case, their utility is more than counterbalanced by their liability.

Keith DeRose
December 30, 2008 12:43 AM

Tony told me the Beliefnet folks might be through, deleting comments they deem inappropriate. I guess that's what happened here -- At any rate, *I* didn't delete any comments. Someone apparently deleted an inappropriate comment, and also a few comments that responded to the inappropriate one (and that wouldn't make sense w/o their target). I just want to tell those responders: I saw your comments before they were removed, and appreciated your welcome & expressions of interest.

Jon
January 3, 2009 8:53 AM
http://baptyterian.com/

Keith,
In your pragmatic discussion, can you offer any hints for how to communicate an orthodox or "traditional" view of hell? For example, when an angst-ridden atheist accuses you of shaping your theology in reaction to your diapers being wound too tight as a child? My blog recently got attacked because I offered a parallel between sports and judgment day, God thumping on the "bad guys."

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About The New Christians

Tony Jones is the author of many books, including The New Christians: Dispatches from the Emergent Frontier and The Sacred Way: Spiritual Practices for Everyday Life. He is a leader in the emergent church movement and a renowned expert on postmodern theology and the American church landscape.


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